A biogeographic model of fire regimes in Australia: current and future implications
A biogeographic model of fire regimes in Australia: current and future implications
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1466-8238.2009.00512.x
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发表时间：
2010-03-01
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
Bradstock, R. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bradstock, R. A.
澳大利亚各地的火灾制度的模式表现出地理变化，在响应四个过程。燃烧面积和火灾频率的变化是由于生物量增长、燃烧可用性、火灾天气和点火的“切换”速率不同造成的。因此，不同的过程会限制不同生态系统中的火灾（即最低的切换率）。在此基础上探讨了火灾频率的当前和未来趋势。这些代表了广泛的澳大利亚生物群系和当前的火灾regimes.MethodsInformation的四个过程被应用到每个案例研究和潜在的最小长度interfire间隔预测和比较，目前的趋势。全球变化的过程中的潜在影响进行了评估，并在火灾制度的未来趋势进行了predicted.ResultsVariations在火灾制度主要是有关的可用水分和优势的波动，无论是木本或草本植物覆盖。森林群落（干燥气候）中的火灾受到草本燃料（生物量）生长的限制，而森林（潮湿气候）中的火灾则受到燃料湿度（可燃烧性）和火灾天气的限制。林地群落的干燥程度增加会降低潜在的火灾频率，而森林则相反。在热带地区，由于每年的潮湿/干燥气候，这两种形式的限制都很弱。因此，未来的变化可能会受到限制。主要conclusionsincreasingdry可能会减少火灾活动在澳大利亚大部分地区（占主导地位的干林地），虽然可能会发生在温带森林增加。二氧化碳效应的增加可能会混淆或加强这些趋势。因此，对澳大利亚未来火灾状况的预测是不确定的。
AimPatterns of fire regimes across Australia exhibit biogeographic variation in response to four processes. Variations in area burned and fire frequency result from differences in the rates of 'switching' of biomass growth, availability to burn, fire weather and ignition. Therefore differing processes limit fire (i.e. the lowest rate of switching) in differing ecosystems. Current and future trends in fire frequency were explored on this basis.LocationCase studies of forests (cool temperate to tropical) and woodlands (temperate to arid) were examined. These represent a broad range of Australian biomes and current fire regimes.MethodsInformation on the four processes was applied to each case study and the potential minimum length of interfire interval was predicted and compared to current trends. The potential effects of global change on the processes were then assessed and future trends in fire regimes were predicted.ResultsVariations in fire regimes are primarily related to fluctuations in available moisture and dominance by either woody or herbaceous plant cover. Fire in woodland communities (dry climates) is limited by growth of herbaceous fuels (biomass), whereas in forests (wet climates) limitation is by fuel moisture (availability to burn) and fire weather. Increasing dryness in woodland communities will decrease potential fire frequency, while the opposite applies in forests. In the tropics, both forms of limitation are weak due to the annual wet/dry climate. Future change may therefore be constrained.Main conclusionsIncreasing dryness may diminish fire activity over much of Australia (dominance of dry woodlands), though increases may occur in temperate forests. Elevated CO2 effects may confound or reinforce these trends. The prognosis for the future fire regime in Australia is therefore uncertain.