Vegetation changes from 1984 to 2008 on Mount Usu, northern Japan, after the 1977?1978 eruptions
Vegetation changes from 1984 to 2008 on Mount Usu, northern Japan, after the 1977?1978 eruptions
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1977年至1978年火山喷发后，日本北部有珠山从1984年到2008年的植被变化
DOI：
10.1111/1440-1703.12045
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发表时间：
2019
影响因子：
2
通讯作者：
Tsuyuzaki Shiro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu;M.;古城夏海・江崎保男;石川裕貴・江崎保男;Tsuyuzaki Shiro
每年对日本北方宇栖山火山喷发后的植被模式进行监测，利用25年以上的时间来检测演替变化。从1984年到2008年，通过2 × 5 m的样地监测植被，从1994年到2008年，由于植被高度的增加，从原始样地扩大了5 × 5 m的样地。1977年和1978年，这些火山爆发产生的厚厚的火山灰摧毁了以前的植被。计算多样性指数，并进行非度量多维尺度（NMDS）与环境因子的植被数据。优势种的覆盖度在大面积样地中较高，可能是由于营养扩展。在火山爆发后的30年里，物种的丰富度和多样性每年都在增加。建立良好的植物是多年生杂类草和树木，物种更替持续发生。小尺度数据的NMDS表明，海拔与第一轴相关，年份、凋落物量和距破火山口边缘的距离与第二轴相关。第一轴上的图分数表明，确定性因素，即海拔及其相关因素，产生植被收敛，但那些在第二轴上的植被变化是响应随机因素，如凋落物积累及其相关的不可测因素，与年。结果表明，确定性因子和随机性因子对植被生长的净效应之间的冲突决定了植被生长的收敛或发散。
The revegetation patterns after volcanic eruptions were monitored annually on Mount Usu, northern Japan, using over 25 years to detect successional changes. The vegetation was monitored by 2 × 5 m plots from 1984 and 2008 and by 5 × 5 m plots that were enlarged from the original plots from 1994 to 2008 due to increasing vegetation height. The thick tephra from these eruptions destroyed the former vegetation in 1977 and 1978. Diversity indexes were calculated, and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) was conducted using the vegetation data with environmental factors. The cover of dominant species was higher in the large plots probably due to the vegetative expansion. Species richness and diversity continued to increase annually for 30 years after the eruptions. Well‐established plants were perennial forbs and trees and the species replacement occurred consistently. NMDS of small plot data suggested that elevation was related to the first axis, and year, litter volume and distance to the caldera rim were related to the second axis. Plot scores on the first axis suggested that deterministic factors, that is, elevation and its related factors, produced vegetation convergence but those on the second axis suggested that the vegetation change was in response to stochastic factors, such as litter accumulation and its related unmeasured factors, with year. The results indicated that the convergence or divergence was determined by the conflict between the net effects of deterministic and stochastic factors on vegetation development.