Independent axes of genetic variation and parallel evolutionary divergence of opercle bone shape in threespine stickleback.
Independent axes of genetic variation and parallel evolutionary divergence of opercle bone shape in threespine stickleback.
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遗传变异的独立轴和三分粘背骨形骨形状的平行进化差异。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2011.01441.x
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发表时间：
2012-02
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
McGuigan K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kimmel CB;Cresko WA;Phillips PC;Ullmann B;Currey M;von Hippel F;Kristjánsson BK;Gelmond O;McGuigan K
在独立的群体中相似的表型的进化通常被认为是适应相同的最佳适应的证据。然而，性状的遗传结构可能会导致进化更经常地朝着特定的表型进行，而不经常朝着其他表型进行，而与性状的适应价值无关。阿拉斯加三棘鱼的淡水种群在从海洋祖先分化后反复进化出相同的独特的鳃盖形状。在这里，我们证明了这种平行进化的模式是广泛的，区分海洋和淡水种群在北美和冰岛的太平洋沿岸。我们通过估计阿拉斯加海洋（假定的祖先）种群中鳃盖形状的加性遗传方差-协方差矩阵（G）来测试这种平行进化是否反映了遗传偏倚。我们发现了显着的加性遗传变异的鳃盖骨形状和G有可能是偏置，因为存在的地区的表型空间低加性遗传变异。然而，进化并没有发生沿着主要特征向量的G，而是重复发生在同一方向的高进化性。我们的结论是，平行的鳃盖进化是最有可能的选择适应淡水栖息地，而不是由于鳃盖遗传结构的偏置效应。
Evolution of similar phenotypes in independent populations is often taken as evidence of adaptation to the same fitness optimum. However, the genetic architecture of traits might cause evolution to proceed more often toward particular phenotypes, and less often toward others, independently of the adaptive value of the traits. Freshwater populations of Alaskan threespine stickleback have repeatedly evolved the same distinctive opercle shape after divergence from an oceanic ancestor. Here we demonstrate that this pattern of parallel evolution is widespread, distinguishing oceanic and freshwater populations across the Pacific Coast of North America and Iceland. We test whether this parallel evolution reflects genetic bias by estimating the additive genetic variance– covariance matrix (G) of opercle shape in an Alaskan oceanic (putative ancestral) population. We find significant additive genetic variance for opercle shape and that G has the potential to be biasing, because of the existence of regions of phenotypic space with low additive genetic variation. However, evolution did not occur along major eigenvectors of G, rather it occurred repeatedly in the same directions of high evolvability. We conclude that the parallel opercle evolution is most likely due to selection during adaptation to freshwater habitats, rather than due to biasing effects of opercle genetic architecture.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Bolnick, Daniel I.;Lau, On Lee
通讯作者：
Lau, On Lee
DOI：
10.1111/j.1095-8312.2009.01258.x
发表时间：
2009-08-01
影响因子：
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作者：
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作者：
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