Guest Editorial Special Section on Industrial Communication Systems
Guest Editorial Special Section on Industrial Communication Systems
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DOI：
10.1109/tii.2010.2052510
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发表时间：
2010-07
影响因子：
12.3
通讯作者：
J. Proenza;S. Vitturi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Proenza;S. Vitturi
工业通信系统[1]越来越多地部署在许多不同的应用领域，例如工厂自动化、运动控制、过程自动化、网络控制系统、楼宇自动化、汽车系统等。现场总线[2]一直是这些应用中传统使用的网络；它们自 1990 年以来一直被用作指示性用途，目前已经安装了数亿个节点。在过去几年中（大约自 2000 年以来），实时以太网 (RTE) 网络 [3] 因其显着的性能数据也开始被采用并带来利润，而如今，它们的部署正在逐步增加。与此同时，最流行的无线通信系统（例如蓝牙[6]）的广泛使用及其性能的显着提高，使它们成为即使在工业环境中也是可行的解决方案。对此，一些专门为工业应用设计的解决方案已经面世。例如，Wireless HART [7] 和 Zigbee [8] 都是依赖 IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN 的网状网络，主要部署用于过程自动化、工业控制和监控、家庭和楼宇自动化。另一方面，WISA [9] 是另一种协议，旨在为基于蓝牙的工厂自动化系统中的传感器和执行器提供无线连接。工业通信技术的如此显着的可用性带来了显着的好处，因为它使配置的实施变得更加容易，甚至更适合特定的应用要求。因此，可以设想，例如在不久的将来，将有可能实现利用所有类型的前述网络的混合配置。此外，车间使用的网络通常必须与工厂自动化系统的上层集成。在这个方向上，不同网络类型的可用性肯定有助于找到充分且有效的解决方案[10]。尽管如此，正如在这种充满挑战的情况下所预料的那样，必然会出现更多问题。作为第一个重要方面，必须指出的是，从实际角度来看，RTE 网络的出现为已经拥挤的领域增加了相关数量的通信系统。事实上，代表工业通信参考文件的 IEC 61158 [11] 和 IEC 61784 [12] 国际标准分别定义了大约 14 种不同的现场总线和 13 个 RTE 网络（确切的计数并不是很简单，因为一些网络最近已被撤销，而对于其他一些网络，占位符......
I NDUSTRIAL Communication Systems [1] are increasingly deployed in many different fields of applications such as, for example, factory automation, motion control, process automation, networked control systems, building automation, automotive systems, etc. Fieldbuses [2] have been the networks traditionally employed in these applications; they have been used indicatively since 1990 and, currently, hundreds of millions of nodes have been already installed. In the last years (since 2000, roughly), real-time Ethernet (RTE) networks [3] have begun to be profitably adopted as well, thanks to their noticeable performance figures and, nowadays, their deployment is increasing progressively. At the same time, the impressive widespread use of the most popular wireless communication systems (e. and Bluetooth [6]) along with the considerable improvement of their performance, have made them a viable solution even for the industrial environments. To this regard, some solutions specifically designed for industrial application are already available. For example, both Wireless HART [7] and Zigbee [8] are mesh networks which rely on the IEEE 802.15.4 WPAN and are mainly deployed for process automation, industrial control and monitoring, home and building automation. On the other hand, WISA [9] is another protocol developed to provide a wireless connection of sensors and actuators in factory automation systems based on Bluetooth. Such a noticeable availability of technologies for industrial communications provides significant benefits, since it makes easier the implementation of configurations even more tailored to the specific application requirements. Thus, it may be envisaged that in the near future, for example, it will be possible to realize mixed configurations which make use of all types of the aforementioned networks. Moreover, networks employed at the shop floor often have to be integrated with the upper layers of factory automation systems. In this direction, the availability of different network types may certainly facilitate finding adequate and effective solutions [10]. Nonetheless, as it may be expected in this challenging scenario, additional issues will necessarily raise up. As a first important aspect, it has to be observed that, from a practical point-of-view, the advent of RTE networks has added a relevant number of communication systems to an already crowded field. Indeed, both the IEC 61158 [11] and IEC 61784 [12] International Standards, which represent the reference documents for industrial communications, define respectively about 14 different fieldbuses and 13 RTE networks (the exact count is not very simple since some networks have been recently withdrawn whereas for some others, placeholders in …