Thinking about the human neuron mouse
Thinking about the human neuron mouse
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DOI：
10.1080/15265160701290371
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发表时间：
2007-01-01
影响因子：
13.4
通讯作者：
Satz, Debra M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Greely, Henry T.;Cho, Mildred K.;Satz, Debra M.
2000年2月，斯坦福大学病理学和发育生物学系的教授欧文·韦斯曼（Irving Weissman）博士就这篇文章的一位作者正在考虑的有趣实验提出了伦理问题。最有趣的实验将从一种近交系小鼠开始，这种小鼠在胎儿发育的早期就开始形成大脑，但在出生前几天，由于大脑中大部分或所有发育中的神经元死亡而死亡（构成大脑约90%的神经胶质细胞没有受到伤害）。韦斯曼建议将人类的脑干细胞移植到胎鼠体内，就在它们自己的神经元死亡之前。他的希望是培育出一只由老鼠神经胶质细胞和人类衍生神经元组成的具有功能的大脑的活老鼠。这种小鼠可以用于在实验室动物体内研究人类神经元，类似于Weissman在20世纪80年代末帮助开发的严重联合免疫缺陷（SCID）-hu小鼠，可以在实验室小鼠体内研究人类免疫系统。这一对话导致了一个五人工作组的成立，经过一年多的会议，在2002年初向韦斯曼博士报告说，它相信他提出的实验可以在道德上进行，但要遵守一些准则。该报告从未发表，由于与报告无关的原因，实验从未进行过。然而，这些实验和报告（在较小程度上）都成为了讨论的主题
Dr. Irving Weissman, a professor in the departments of pathology and developmental biology at Stanford University (Stanford, CA), approached one of the authors of this article in February 2000 with ethical questions about interesting experiments he was considering. The most interesting experiment would begin with an inbred strain of mouse that begins to form brains during very early fetal development, but, several days before birth, died as a result of the death of most or all of the developing neurons in their brains (the glial cells that make up approximately 90% of the brain are unharmed). Weissman proposed to transplant human brain stem cells into the fetal mice, just before their own neurons died. His hope was to produce a living mouse with a functioning brain made up of mouse glial cells and human-derived neurons. This mouse could then be used to study human neurons in vivo in a laboratory animal, similar to the way the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID)-hu mouse, which Weissman had helped developed in the late 1980s, allowed the study of the human immune system inside laboratory mice.That conversation led to the creation of a five-person working group that, after meeting for more than one year, in early 2002 reported to Dr. Weissman that it believed his proposed experiments could be performed ethically, subject to some guidelines. The report has never been published and the experiments, for reasons not associated with the report, were never performed. Yet both the experiments and, to a lesser extent, the report have been subjects of discussion