Links between thermoregulation and aging in endotherms and ectotherms.
Links between thermoregulation and aging in endotherms and ectotherms.
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DOI：
10.4161/23328940.2014.989793
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发表时间：
2015-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Piantoni C
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Flouris AD;Piantoni C
虽然体温调节和衰老之间的联系已经被普遍接受，但还需要更多的研究、反思和辩论来阐明产生所观察到的热诱导寿命变化的生理和分子途径。在这篇综述中，我们的目的是介绍、讨论和仔细研究在吸热和外温老化过程中涉及的体温调节机制。我们的分析表明，较低的体温有利于吸热和放热生物体的寿命。对吸热的研究已经更深入地研究了体温和寿命之间的生理和分子机制。虽然在过去的几十年里，对外胚层的研究一直在稳步增加，但为了充分阐明潜在的现象，还需要进一步的机械性工作。非常清楚的是，吸热和放热都有一个特定的温度区域，在这个温度区域，它们的功能最佳。这一区域通过生理和行为两种方式进行防御，并在生物衰老过程中发挥着重要作用。低体温可能有益于人的寿命，这与传统医学理论相反，传统医学理论通常认为体温降低是潜在病理的迹象。无论如何，这一现象一直是科学家们的目标，他们期望进步可能会降低发病率，以及降低疾病和死亡风险。现有证据表明，较低的体温可能会延长寿命，但找到调节体温的关键仍然是问题。虽然我们还远未完全了解体温和寿命之间的联系，但我们已经越来越接近了。
While the link between thermoregulation and aging is generally accepted, much further research, reflection, and debate is required to elucidate the physiological and molecular pathways that generate the observed thermal-induced changes in lifespan. Our aim in this review is to present, discuss, and scrutinize the thermoregulatory mechanisms that are implicated in the aging process in endotherms and ectotherms. Our analysis demonstrates that low body temperature benefits lifespan in both endothermic and ectothermic organisms. Research in endotherms has delved deeper into the physiological and molecular mechanisms linking body temperature and longevity. While research in ectotherms has been steadily increasing during the past decades, further mechanistic work is required in order to fully elucidate the underlying phenomena. What is abundantly clear is that both endotherms and ectotherms have a specific temperature zone at which they function optimally. This zone is defended through both physiological and behavioral means and plays a major role on organismal senescence. That low body temperature may be beneficial for lifespan is contrary to conventional medical theory where reduced body temperature is usually considered as a sign of underlying pathology. Regardless, this phenomenon has been targeted by scientists with the expectation that advancements may compress morbidity, as well as lower disease and mortality risk. The available evidence suggests that lowered body temperature may prolong life span, yet finding the key to temperature regulation remains the problem. While we are still far from a complete understanding of the mechanisms linking body temperature and longevity, we are getting closer.