Multiple Victimizations Before and After Leaving Home Associated With PTSD, Depression, and Substance Use Disorder Among Homeless Youth
Multiple Victimizations Before and After Leaving Home Associated With PTSD, Depression, and Substance Use Disorder Among Homeless Youth
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DOI：
10.1177/1077559514562859
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Langenderfer, Lisa
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bender, Kimberly;Brown, Samantha M.;Langenderfer, Lisa
童年时期遭受多种形式的虐待与一般人群中青少年的严重心理健康后果有关，但有限的实证关注集中在无家可归的青少年群体上，他们的儿童期虐待发生率明显较高，随后街头受害率也较高。本研究调查了大量（N = 601）多地点无家可归青年样本中的多次童年虐待（身体虐待、性虐待和情感虐待）和多次街头受害（抢劫、人身攻击和性侵犯）的发生率，并检查了它们与心理健康结果的相对关系（符合《精神疾病诊断和统计手册》第四版，文本修订版，创伤后应激障碍 [PTSD]、抑郁症和药物滥用障碍的标准）。大约 79% 的青少年回顾性地报告了多次童年虐待行为（两种或以上类型），28% 的青少年报告了多次街头受害行为（两种或以上类型）。每增加一种类型的街头受害，青少年符合药物滥用障碍标准的几率几乎就会增加一倍。此外，每增加一种童年虐待经历，青少年符合创伤后应激障碍标准的几率就会增加一倍以上。多次虐待和多次街头受害都与满足抑郁标准的人数增加了大约两倍有关。研究结果表明，考虑到多种类型的虐待和受害经历，无家可归的青少年需要进行筛查、评估和创伤知情服务。
Exposure to multiple forms of maltreatment during childhood is associated with serious mental health consequences among youth in the general population, but limited empirical attention has focused on homeless youtha population with markedly high rates of childhood maltreatment followed by elevated rates of street victimization. This study investigated the rates of multiple childhood abuses (physical, sexual, and emotional abuse) and multiple street victimizations (robbery, physical assault, and sexual assault) and examined their relative relationships to mental health outcomes (meeting Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision, criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder [PTSD], depression, and substance use disorder) among a large (N = 601) multisite sample of homeless youth. Approximately 79% of youth retrospectively reported multiple childhood abuses (two or more types) and 28% reported multiple street victimizations (two or more types). Each additional type of street victimization nearly doubled youths' odds for meeting criteria for substance use disorder. Furthermore, each additional type of childhood abuse experienced more than doubled youths' odds for meeting criteria for PTSD. Both multiple abuses and multiple street victimizations were associated with an approximate twofold increase in meeting depression criteria. Findings suggest the need for screening, assessment, and trauma-informed services for homeless youth who consider multiple types of abuse and victimization experiences.