Effects of method, duration, and sleep stage on rebounds from sleep deprivation in the rat.
Effects of method, duration, and sleep stage on rebounds from sleep deprivation in the rat.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/sleep/22.1.11
复制
发表时间：
1999-02
期刊：
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
A. Rechtschaffen;B. Bergmann;M. Gilliland;Kari Bauer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Rechtschaffen;B. Bergmann;M. Gilliland;Kari Bauer
通过持续强迫运动而使大鼠完全睡眠剥夺（TSD）24小时或更短时间，会持续产生NREM睡眠中慢波或高振幅脑电图活动的反弹，这导致人们普遍认为这种脑电图活动反映了特别“密集”或恢复性睡眠。这些反弹通常伴随着快速眼动睡眠的大幅反弹。相比之下，采用盘水法 (DOW) 的慢性 TSD（2 周或更长时间）仅产生巨大且持久的 REM 睡眠反弹，而没有高幅度 NREM 睡眠的反弹。为了评估不同的反弹是否是由不同的方法或不同的剥夺时间长度引起的，通过DOW方法对大鼠进行24小时TSD。反弹包括高振幅和慢波活动的增加；即，这些方法在短期 TSD 后产生了类似的反弹模式。 （持续强制运动造成的慢性 TSD 在策略上是困难的，并且与运动疲劳严重混淆。）在出现严重 TSD 症状之前，对大鼠进行 4 天的 DOW-TSD 治疗，主要表现出 REM 睡眠反弹。经过 1 天选择性 REM 睡眠剥夺的大鼠（但不是紧密结合的对照大鼠）表现出大而显着的 REM 睡眠反弹，这显然不是由剥夺方法本身的压力引起的。综合发现促使人们重新审视已发表的与“睡眠强度”相关的证据，包括“负反弹”、其他物种的反弹、压力和疲劳的影响、睡眠深度指标和延长睡眠时间。该评论指出了将任何特定模式指定为深度睡眠的陷阱。
Total sleep deprivation (TSD) of rats for 24 hours or less by continually enforced locomotion has consistently produced subsequent rebounds of slow-wave or high-amplitude EEG activity in NREM sleep, which has contributed to the widely held view that this EEG activity reflects particularly "intense" or restorative sleep. These rebounds usually have been accompanied by substantial rebounds of REM sleep. In contrast, chronic TSD (2 weeks or longer) by the disk-over-water (DOW) method has produced only huge, long-lasting rebounds of REM sleep with no rebound of high-amplitude NREM sleep. To evaluate whether the different rebounds result from different methods or from different lengths of deprivation, rats were subjected to 24-hour TSD by the DOW method. Rebounds included increases in high-amplitude and slow-wave activity; i.e., the methods produced similar rebound patterns following short-term TSD. (Chronic TSD by continually enforced locomotion would be strategically difficult and severely confounded with motor fatigue.) Rats subjected to DOW-TSD for 4 days, well before the development of severe TSD symptoms, showed primarily REM sleep rebounds. Rats subjected to 1 day of selective REM sleep deprivation, but not their closely yoked control rats, showed large, significant REM sleep rebounds, which evidently were not induced by the stress of the deprivation method per se. The combined findings prompted reexamination of published evidence relevant to "sleep intensity," including "negative rebounds," rebounds in other species, the effects of stress and fatigue, depth of sleep indicators, and extended sleep. The review points out pitfalls in the designation of any specific pattern as intense sleep.