The 2017 State New Economy Index: Benchmarking Economic Transformation in the States
The 2017 State New Economy Index: Benchmarking Economic Transformation in the States
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2017年国家新经济指数：美国经济转型基准
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. J. Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
R. Atkinson;J. J. Wu
国家新经济指数的目的是衡量国家的经济结构。与其他评估州经济表现或州经济政策的报告不同，本研究更狭隘地关注一个简单的问题：50个州的经济结构在多大程度上符合创新驱动的新经济的理想结构？例如，我们知道新经济的一个决定性特征是它是全球性的。因此，该指数使用了一些变量来衡量国家经济体的全球一体化程度。这一版的索引建立在1999年、2002年、2007年、2008年、2010年、2012年和2014年出版的七个先前版本的基础上。它现在使用25个指标，分为五个类别，最好地捕捉什么是新经济的重要性：1。知识工作：这些指标衡量IT行业以外的IT专业人员的就业情况;管理人员、专业人员和技术人员的工作;整个劳动力的教育程度;知识工作者的移民;国内知识工作者的移民;制造业部门的工人生产率;以及高工资贸易服务业的就业情况。2.全球化：指标衡量外国直接投资;制造业和服务业的出口导向;以及每个州的产出中用于高科技产品和服务出口的份额。3.经济活力：衡量企业流失程度的指标（即，新企业的启动和失败的百分比）;快速增长的公司（在公司上市的企业）的数量。5000指数）;公司首次公开募股（IPO）的数量和价值;以及授予个人发明专利的数量。4.数字经济：指标衡量农民使用互联网和计算机的情况;州政府使用信息技术提供服务的程度;宽带电信的采用率和速度;以及信息技术在医疗保健系统中的使用情况。5.创新能力：这些指标衡量电子制造、电信和生物医学等高科技行业的就业人数;劳动力中科学家和工程师的人数;授予专利的数量;工业对研究和开发的投资;非工业对研究和开发的投资;向清洁能源经济的发展;以及风险资本投资。
The purpose of the State New Economy Index is to measure states’ economic structure. Unlike other reports that assess state economic performance or state economic policies, this study focuses more narrowly on a simple question: To what degree does the structure of the 50 state economies match the ideal structure of the innovation-driven New Economy? For example, we know that a defining characteristic of the New Economy is that it is global. Therefore, the Index uses a number of variables to measure state economies’ degrees of global integration. This edition of the Index builds on seven prior editions, which were published in 1999, 2002, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2012, and 2014. It now uses 25 indicators, which are divided into five categories that best capture what is important about the New Economy: 1. Knowledge jobs: Indicators measure employment of IT professionals outside the IT industry; jobs held by managers, professionals, and technicians; the educational attainment of the entire workforce; immigration of knowledge workers; migration of domestic knowledge workers; worker productivity in the manufacturing sector; and employment in high-wage traded services. 2. Globalization: Indicators measure foreign direct investment; export orientation of manufacturing and services; and the share of each state’s output that goes to high-tech goods and services exports. 3. Economic dynamism: Indicators measure the degree of business churn (i.e., the percentage of new business start-ups and failures); the number of fast-growing firms (businesses listed in the Inc. 5000 index); the number and value of initial public stock offerings (IPOs) by companies; and the number of individual inventor patents granted. 4. The digital economy: Indicators measure Internet and computer use by farmers; the degree to which state governments use information technologies to deliver services; adoption rates and speed of broadband telecommunications; and use of information technology in the health care system. 5. Innovation capacity: Indicators measure the number of jobs in high-tech industries such as electronics manufacturing, telecommunications, and biomedical industries; the number of scientists and engineers in the workforce; the number of patents granted; industry investment in research and development; non-industry investment in research and development; movement toward a clean energy economy; and venture capital investment.