Cluster synchronisation: A mechanism for plankton patchiness and a simulation pitfall

Cluster synchronisation: A mechanism for plankton patchiness and a simulation pitfall
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集群同步:浮游生物斑块的机制和模拟陷阱

DOI:
10.1016/j.ocemod.2009.04.006
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发表时间:
2009
期刊:
影响因子:
3.2
通讯作者:
Guirey E
Guirey E
中科院分区:
地球科学3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Guirey E

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我们提出了一个研究的空间变异,或斑块,在生物物理模拟浮游生物生态系统的出现。使用一个标准的方法来模拟这样的生态系统,我们代表了一个分布的浮游生物作为一个晶格的不相同的相互作用的振荡人口。人口参数,如最大增长率的空间变化,导致自然(解耦)人口属性的传播。利用同步理论的方法,研究了种群间相互作用强度对耦合系统空间结构的影响。令人惊讶的是,一系列的耦合强度被发现诱导的传播中的振荡频率的人口的空间变化的非耦合水平相比,增加了十倍。这种明显的去极化对应于形成时间上不断演变的集群的本地同步:网格细胞规模的变化和人口之间的扩散的相互作用,导致在更大的尺度上的斑块。然而,这种斑块的发生和长度尺度被发现是敏感的典型的模拟参数,如空间分辨率和强度的扩散,突发的空间结构突然改变,从斑块均匀,因为这些参数是不同的。这些结果表明,虽然集群同步可能是一个真正的机制,形成浮游生物分布的空间结构,生物物理建模者应该意识到的可能性,人工斑块所产生的基本物理结构的模型。
We present a study on the emergence of spatial variability, or patchiness, in biophysical simulations of plankton ecosystems. Using a standard approach to modelling such ecosystems, we represent a distribution of plankton as a lattice of non-identical interacting oscillatory populations. Spatial variation is imposed in population parameters, such as maximum growth rate, leading to a spread in the natural (uncoupled) population properties. Using the methods of synchronisation theory, the emergent spatial structure of the coupled system is investigated as a function of the strength of interaction between populations. Surprisingly, a range of coupling strength is found to induce a tenfold increase in the spread in frequency of oscillation of populations in comparison with the uncoupled level of spatial variation. This apparent desynchronisation corresponds to the formation of temporally evolving clusters of local synchronisation: the interplay of grid-cell scale variability and dispersal between populations leads to patchiness at larger scales. However, the occurrence and length-scale of this patchiness is found to be sensitive to typical simulation parameters such as spatial resolution and strength of dispersal, with emergent spatial structure altering abruptly from patchy to homogeneous as these parameters are varied. These results indicate that whilst cluster synchronisation may be a genuine mechanism for the formation of spatial structure in plankton distributions, biophysical modellers should be aware of the possibility of artificial patchiness arising from the basic physical structure of their model.
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