Xanthomonas campestris Diffusible Factor Is 3-Hydroxybenzoic Acid and Is Associated with Xanthomonadin Biosynthesis, Cell Viability, Antioxidant Activity, and Systemic Invasion
Xanthomonas campestris Diffusible Factor Is 3-Hydroxybenzoic Acid and Is Associated with Xanthomonadin Biosynthesis, Cell Viability, Antioxidant Activity, and Systemic Invasion
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DOI：
10.1094/mpmi-02-11-0031
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Zhang, Lian-Hui
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
He, Ya-Wen;Wu, Ji'en;Zhang, Lian-Hui
油菜黄单胞菌油菜产生一种被称为黄单胞菌素的膜结合黄色色素。已报道一种扩散因子（DF）调节黄单胞菌素的生物合成。本研究使用溶剂萃取、快速色谱和高效液相色谱的组合从细菌培养物上清液中纯化DF。质谱和核磁共振分析将DF的化学结构解析为3-羟基苯甲酸（3-HBA），并通过合成3-HBA进一步证实。值得注意的是，生物测定和计算机分析表明，DF生产在一系列细菌物种中广泛保守。DF衍生物的分析建立了羟基及其位置作为DF在黄单胞菌素生物合成中的作用的关键结构特征。此外，我们发现DF还与细菌存活、H2 O2抗性和系统侵袭有关。此外，DF和扩散信号因子在调节细菌的存活、H2 O2抗性和毒力方面具有重叠的功能。利用不同的机制来调节相似的毒力性状可能会提供X。野油菜致病变种具有可塑性的油菜对各种环境线索的反应。
Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris produces a membrane-bound yellow pigment called xanthomonadin. A diffusible factor (DF) has been reported to regulate xanthomonadin biosynthesis. In this study. DF was purified from bacterial culture supernatants using a combination of solvent extraction, flash chromatography, and high-performance liquid chromatography. Mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance analyses resolved the DF chemical structure as 3-hydroxybenzoic acid (3-HBA), which was further confirmed by synthetic 3-HBA. Significantly, bioassay and in silico analysis suggest that DF production is widely conserved in a range of bacterial species. Analysis of DF derivatives established the hydroxyl group and its position as the key structural features for the role of DF in xanthomonadin biosynthesis. In addition, we showed that DF is also associated with bacterial survival, H(2)O(2) resistance, and systemic invasion. Furthermore, evidence was also presented that DF and diffusible signaling factor have overlapping functions in modulation of bacterial survival, H(2)O(2) resistance, and virulence. Utilization of different mechanisms to modulate similar virulence traits may provide X. campestris pv. campestris with plasticity in response to various environmental cues.