Massive Effects of Saliency on Information Processing in Visual Working Memory
Massive Effects of Saliency on Information Processing in Visual Working Memory
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DOI：
10.1177/0956797620975785
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发表时间：
2021-05-01
影响因子：
8.2
通讯作者：
Liesefeld, Heinrich R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Constant, Martin;Liesefeld, Heinrich R.
视觉工作记忆（VWM）中临时表示信息的能力的限制对于视觉认知至关重要。 VWM 处理是否依赖于对象的显着性（即突出程度）在 VWM 研究中被忽略了。因此，我们开发了一种新颖的 VWM 任务，可以直接控制显着性。在针对此任务的三个实验中（分别针对 10、31 和 60 名成年人），我们一致发现 VWM 性能受到显着性的强烈参数影响，并且对象的相对显着性（与同时呈现的对象相比）和绝对显着性都会影响 VWM 处理。我们还证明，这种效果确实是由于自下而上的显着性，而不是每个对象和自上而下的注意力模板之间的差异拟合。假设 VWM 性能由绝对显着性和相对显着性的加权和决定的简单计算模型很好地解释了观察到的数据模式。
Limitations in the ability to temporarily represent information in visual working memory (VWM) are crucial for visual cognition. Whether VWM processing is dependent on an object's saliency (i.e., how much it stands out) has been neglected in VWM research. Therefore, we developed a novel VWM task that allows direct control over saliency. In three experiments with this task (on 10, 31, and 60 adults, respectively), we consistently found that VWM performance is strongly and parametrically influenced by saliency and that both an object's relative saliency (compared with concurrently presented objects) and absolute saliency influence VWM processing. We also demonstrated that this effect is indeed due to bottom-up saliency rather than differential fit between each object and the top-down attentional template. A simple computational model assuming that VWM performance is determined by the weighted sum of absolute and relative saliency accounts well for the observed data patterns.