Genetic Engineering of Bacteria for Environmental Remediation of Mercury
Genetic Engineering of Bacteria for Environmental Remediation of Mercury
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DOI：
10.1248/jhs.52.199
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发表时间：
2006-06
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Kiyono;H. Pan‐Hou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Kiyono;H. Pan‐Hou
为了防止环境汞中毒事件的发生，迫切需要一种有效的汞污染环境治理技术。近年来，随着生物技术的进步，利用微生物去除污染场地中汞的生物修复已成为环境修复领域发展最快的领域之一。已经开发了许多生物修复策略，包括汞的生物转化、生物吸附和生物沉淀，以处理汞污染的环境和含汞废物。为了构建能够特异性积累汞的细菌，我们通过基因工程使大肠杆菌同时表达汞运输系统和有机汞裂解酶，并过表达聚磷酸，这是一种重要的二价金属的强络合剂。汞积累系统的设计使得过度表达的聚磷酸盐将充当汞聚集器；汞运输系统将使细菌细胞专门积累汞；细胞内积累过程将使生物积累系统对环境条件不那么敏感。本文对新型工程菌在汞的环境修复中的适用性进行了评价和讨论。
To prevent environmental mercury poisoning incidents, an effective technology for treating mercury-polluted environments is urgent. Recently, with advances in biotechnology, bioremediation utilizing microorganisms to remove mercurials from contaminated sites has become one of the most rapidly developing fields of environmental restoration. A number of bioremediation strategies, including biotransformation, biosorption, and bioprecipitation of mercurials, have been developed to treat mercurial-polluted environments and mercury-containing waste. To construct bacteria that are capable of specifically accumulating mercury, we have genetically engineered Escherichia coli to express a mercury transport system and organomercurial lyase enzyme simultaneously, and overexpress polyphosphate, a strong chelator of essential divalent metals. The mercury accumulation system was designed so that overexpressed polyphosphate would serve as a mercury accumulator; the mercury transport system would make the bacterial cell specifically accumulate mercury; and the intracellular accumulation process would allow the bioaccumulation system to be less sensitive to ambient conditions. The applicability of the new engineered bacteria in the environmental remediation of mercurials is evaluated and discussed in this review.