Spin-orbit coupling manipulating composite topological spin textures in atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates
Spin-orbit coupling manipulating composite topological spin textures in atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates
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自旋轨道耦合操纵原子-分子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚中的复合拓扑自旋纹理
DOI：
10.1103/physreva.95.023624
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Wu-Ming Liu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chao-Fei Liu;G Juzeliunas;Wu-Ming Liu
原子-分子玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体（BECs）为彻底改变量子气体和以前所未有的灵敏度探测基本常数的变化提供了全新的机会。最近在bec中实现的自旋轨道耦合（SOC）为探索在其他地方无法实现的全新现象提供了一个新的平台。在这项研究中，我们发现了一种在原子-分子BECs中通过结合自旋依赖的光关联和拉曼耦合来创建Rashba-Dresselhaus SOC的方法，该SOC可以控制不同类型拓扑激发的形成和分布-类二氧化碳的skyrmion。这个skyrmion是由两个半skyrmions的分子BECs与一个skyrmions的原子BECs耦合形成的，其中两个半skyrmions位于一个skyrmions的两侧。在实际实验中，利用飞行时间吸收成像技术测量涡旋结构可以检测到类二氧化碳气体。此外，我们发现SOC可以有效地改变$k$空间中chen数的出现，从而导致从一些分离的具有拓扑电荷$\ensuremath{-}2$的类二氧化碳单体到skyrmions聚合物链的拓扑自旋织构的产生。这项工作有助于创建双SOC原子-分子BECs，并为操纵拓扑激发开辟了途径。
Atomic-molecular Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) offer brand new opportunities to revolutionize quantum gases and probe the variation of fundamental constants with unprecedented sensitivity. The recent realization of spin-orbit coupling (SOC) in BECs provides a new platform for exploring completely new phenomena unrealizable elsewhere. In this study, we find a way of creating a Rashba-Dresselhaus SOC in atomic-molecular BECs by combining the spin-dependent photoassociation and Raman coupling, which can control the formation and distribution of a different type of topological excitation---carbon-dioxide-like skyrmion. This skyrmion is formed by two half-skyrmions of molecular BECs coupling with one skyrmion of atomic BECs, where the two half-skyrmions locate at both sides of one skyrmion. Carbon-dioxide-like skyrmion can be detected by measuring the vortices structures using the time-of-flight absorption imaging technique in real experiments. Furthermore, we find that SOC can effectively change the occurrence of the Chern number in $k$ space, which causes the creation of topological spin textures from some separated carbon-dioxide-like monomers each with topological charge $\ensuremath{-}2$ to a polymer chain of the skyrmions. This work helps in creating dual SOC atomic-molecular BECs and opens avenues to manipulate topological excitations.