The effects of emotional content on reality-monitoring performance in young and older adults
The effects of emotional content on reality-monitoring performance in young and older adults
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DOI：
10.1037/0882-7974.22.4.752
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Schacter, Daniel L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kensinger, Elizabeth A.;O'Brien, Jacqueline L.;Schacter, Daniel L.
现实监控是指一个人区分感知和想象事件的能力。先前的研究表明，与中性信息相比，年轻人对负面唤起信息表现出现实监控优势。本研究探讨了这种现实监测的好处是否延伸到年轻人的积极信息，以及老年人是否表现出现实监测的优势，无论是情绪信息的效价。两项研究没有发现对积极信息的现实监控优势;在两个年龄组中，现实监控优势只存在于消极信息中。然而，老年人更容易记住一个积极的项目被列入研究清单，而不是记住一个非情感项目被研究过。年轻人对正面信息的记忆力没有增强。这些结果表明，尽管老年人可能对积极信息表现出一些记忆益处（即，一个增强的能力，记住一个积极的项目进行了研究），他们并不总是表现出增强的记忆源指定的细节，一个积极的项目的介绍。
Reality monitoring refers to a person's ability to distinguish between perceived and imagined events. Prior research has demonstrated that young adults show a reality-monitoring advantage for negative arousing information as compared with neutral information. The present research examined whether this reality-monitoring benefit extends to positive information in young adults and whether older adults show a reality-monitoring advantage for emotional information of either valence. Two studies revealed no evidence for a reality-monitoring advantage for positive information; in both age groups, the reality-monitoring advantage existed only for negative information. Older adults were, however, more likely to remember that a positive item had been included on a study list than they were to remember that a nonemotional item had been studied. Young adults did not show this mnemonic enhancement for positive information. These results indicate that although older adults may show some mnemonic benefits for positive information (i.e., an enhanced ability to remember that a positive item was studied), they do not always show enhanced memory for source-specifying details of a positive item's presentation.