PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR EVALUATION OF EARTHQUAKE RISK TO THE HISTORICAL STRUCTURES IN KATHMANDU VALLEY ( NEPAL )
PRELIMINARY STUDY FOR EVALUATION OF EARTHQUAKE RISK TO THE HISTORICAL STRUCTURES IN KATHMANDU VALLEY ( NEPAL )
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尼泊尔加德满都谷地历史建筑地震风险评价初步研究
DOI：
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发表时间：
2002
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
S. N. Miller
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Shrestha;M. Karkee;C. Cuadra;J. Tokeshi;S. N. Miller
本文对尼泊尔加德满都谷地的寺庙、佛塔等历史建筑进行了地震易损性评估。用经验公式估算了多层寺庙的年代。利用SH波的理论传递函数来估计土体的周期。研究发现，由于寺庙、佛塔和地面卓越周期的差异，在远场地震中，对位于谷底的寺庙可能没有严重的影响。然而，寺庙和佛塔，经历了一些过去的地震运动，可能会表现出更长的自然周期，由于现有的裂缝。在这种情况下，有可能产生共振效应，因为寺庙和佛塔的周期更接近地面的卓越周期。同样地，位于加德满都山谷边界的寺庙可能由于共振效应而受到严重破坏，这是由于寺庙和遗址靠近岩石露头的时间较短。据观察，大多数重要的寺庙，如Pashupatinath，Nyatpol，Gujeshwori，Krishna Mandir，Banglamukhi和像Boudhnath这样的佛塔都位于地质构造之上，这些地质构造可能在严重的地震影响下有液化的风险。这些结果来自初步分析阶段，详细的现场测量，如结构，土壤和各种次表层结构的周期是必要的，为进一步调查。
In this study, an attempt to assess the seismic vulnerability of the historical infrastructures like temples and stupas of Kathmandu valley, Nepal was carried out. The estimation of periods of multi-tiered temples was done by using empirical equations. To estimate the periods of soil, theoretical transfer function of SH waves was used. It is found that there may not be severe impact to the temples located at the valley floor during far field earthquakes due to difference in predominant period of temples, stupas and the ground. However, temples and stupas which have experienced some past earthquake motions could exhibit longer natural period due to existing cracks. In such cases, there are possibilities of resonance effect because the period of temples and stupas are closer to the predominant period of the ground. Likewise, the temples located at the border of the Kathmandu Valley may have severe damage from resonance effect due to the short periods of temples and sites near rock outcrops. It is observed that most of the important temples like Pashupatinath, Nyatpol, Gujeshwori, Krishna Mandir, Banglamukhi and stupa like Boudhnath are situated over geological formations which may be at risk of liquefaction under sever seismic impact. These results are from the preliminary phase of analysis, and detailed field measurements such as the periods of structures, soil and various sub-surface structures are necessary for the further investigation.