Assessing the consistency assumptions underlying network meta-regression using aggregate data.

Assessing the consistency assumptions underlying network meta-regression using aggregate data.
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DOI:
10.1002/jrsm.1327
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发表时间:
2019-06
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Welton NJ
Welton NJ
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Donegan S;Dias S;Welton NJ

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当一种疾病存在多种治疗方法(治疗方法 1、2、3 等)时,网络元回归 (NMR) 会检查每种相对治疗效果(例如,2 与 1、3 与 1、3 与 2 的平均差异)是否根据协变量(例如,疾病严重程度)而有所不同。 NMR 的基础是两个一致性假设:协变量值为 0 时治疗效果的一致性以及协变量交互作用的治疗回归系数的一致性。当假设不成立时,NMR 结果可能不可靠。此外,交互作用可能存在但未被发现,因为系数的不一致掩盖了它们,例如,当使用直接证据时,治疗效果随着协变量的增加而增加,但使用间接证据时,效果随着协变量的增加而减小。我们概述了现有的 NMR 模型,该模型通过协变量相互作用结合了不同类型的治疗。然后,我们介绍可用于评估聚合数据 NMR 一致性假设的模型。我们扩展了现有的节点分裂模型、不相关的平均效应不一致模型以及治疗不一致模型的设计以纳入协变量相互作用。我们提出了同时评估一致性假设的模型和依次评估每个假设的模型,以获得对一致性的更全面的理解。我们将贝叶斯框架中的方法应用于使用协变量平均年龄比较抗疟治疗的试验级数据,并应用于四个伪造的数据集来演示关键场景。我们讨论了这些方法的优缺点以及将模型应用于聚合数据时的重要考虑因素。
When numerous treatments exist for a disease (Treatments 1, 2, 3, etc), network meta‐regression (NMR) examines whether each relative treatment effect (eg, mean difference for 2 vs 1, 3 vs 1, and 3 vs 2) differs according to a covariate (eg, disease severity). Two consistency assumptions underlie NMR: consistency of the treatment effects at the covariate value 0 and consistency of the regression coefficients for the treatment by covariate interaction. The NMR results may be unreliable when the assumptions do not hold. Furthermore, interactions may exist but are not found because inconsistency of the coefficients is masking them, for example, when the treatment effect increases as the covariate increases using direct evidence but the effect decreases with the increasing covariate using indirect evidence. We outline existing NMR models that incorporate different types of treatment by covariate interaction. We then introduce models that can be used to assess the consistency assumptions underlying NMR for aggregate data. We extend existing node‐splitting models, the unrelated mean effects inconsistency model, and the design by treatment inconsistency model to incorporate covariate interactions. We propose models for assessing both consistency assumptions simultaneously and models for assessing each of the assumptions in turn to gain a more thorough understanding of consistency. We apply the methods in a Bayesian framework to trial‐level data comparing antimalarial treatments using the covariate average age and to four fabricated data sets to demonstrate key scenarios. We discuss the pros and cons of the methods and important considerations when applying models to aggregated data.
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