Histological Stains: A Literature Review and Case Study.
Histological Stains: A Literature Review and Case Study.
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DOI：
10.5539/gjhs.v8n3p72
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发表时间：
2015-06-25
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Mohammedsaleh ZM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alturkistani HA;Tashkandi FM;Mohammedsaleh ZM
组织学的历史表明，通过化学、分子生物学测定和免疫学技术（统称为组织化学）进行组织学染色的技术发生了重大变化。早期的组织学家使用现成的化学品来制备组织进行显微镜研究;这些实验室化学品是重铬酸钾，酒精和氯化汞，以硬化细胞组织。使用的染色技术包括胭脂红、硝酸银、姬姆萨、三色染色、革兰氏染色和苏木精等。本研究的目的是评估过去和当前的文献综述以及案例研究，目的是为现代组织学染色的改进提供信息。文献综述的结果表明，所用染色剂的组织病理学和组织技术有所改善。对高效、准确和不太复杂的染色程序的需求不断增加。许多染色程序今天仍在使用，并且许多其他染色程序已被新的免疫染色、分子染色、非培养染色和其他先进的染色技术所取代。一些染色方法已被放弃，因为所需的化学品已被医学证明是有毒的。案例研究表明，在现代组织学中，不同染色技术的组合用于提高染色过程的有效性。目前，改进的组织学染色剂已被修改并与其他染色剂组合以提高其有效性。
The history of histology indicates that there have been significant changes in the techniques used for histological staining through chemical, molecular biology assays and immunological techniques, collectively referred to as histochemistry. Early histologists used the readily available chemicals to prepare tissues for microscopic studies; these laboratory chemicals were potassium dichromate, alcohol and the mercuric chloride to harden cellular tissues. Staining techniques used were carmine, silver nitrate, Giemsa, Trichrome Stains, Gram Stain and Hematoxylin among others. The purpose of this research was to assess past and current literature reviews, as well as case studies, with the aim of informing ways in which histological stains have been improved in the modern age. Results from the literature review has indicated that there has been an improvement in histopathology and histotechnology in stains used. There has been a rising need for efficient, accurate and less complex staining procedures. Many stain procedures are still in use today, and many others have been replaced with new immunostaining, molecular, non-culture and other advanced staining techniques. Some staining methods have been abandoned because the chemicals required have been medically proven to be toxic. The case studies indicated that in modern histology a combination of different stain techniques are used to enhance the effectiveness of the staining process. Currently, improved histological stains, have been modified and combined with other stains to improve their effectiveness.