The rationale for quadrivalent influenza vaccines.
The rationale for quadrivalent influenza vaccines.
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DOI：
10.4161/hv.8.1.17623
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发表时间：
2012-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Levin MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ambrose CS;Levin MJ
自1985年以来，两种抗原性截然不同的B型流感病毒谱系在全球传播。然而，获得许可的三价季节性流感疫苗只含有一种B型流感病毒的抗原，因此对疫苗中不存在的流行性B型流感病毒株提供的免疫力有限。近年来，关于在即将到来的流感季节中，哪种B血型将占主导地位的预测，仅仅是偶然的，在2001年至2011年的10个季节中，只有5个是正确的。因此，季节性流感疫苗可以通过纳入这两个谱系的B型流感病毒株来改进。由此产生的四价流感疫苗将使流感疫苗接种运动能够更有效地应对当前的全球流感流行病学。季节性流感疫苗的制造能力已经增加到足以供应四价流感疫苗，识别要包括在这种疫苗中的B型流感毒株的方法已经到位。多家制造商已经启动了四价流感疫苗的临床研究。来自这些研究的数据，与有关B型流感感染造成的疾病负担的流行病学数据一起，将确定使用四价疫苗预防季节性流感疾病的安全性、有效性和益处。
Two antigenically distinct lineages of influenza B viruses have circulated globally since 1985. However, licensed trivalent seasonal influenza vaccines contain antigens from only a single influenza B virus and thus provide limited immunity against circulating influenza B strains of the lineage not present in the vaccine. In recent years, predictions about which B lineage will predominate in an upcoming influenza season have been no better than chance alone, correct in only 5 of the 10 seasons from 2001 to 2011. Consequently, seasonal influenza vaccines could be improved by inclusion of influenza B strains of both lineages. The resulting quadrivalent influenza vaccines would allow influenza vaccination campaigns to respond more effectively to current global influenza epidemiology. Manufacturing capacity for seasonal influenza vaccines has increased sufficiently to supply quadrivalent influenza vaccines, and methods to identify the influenza B strains to include in such vaccines are in place. Multiple manufacturers have initiated clinical studies of quadrivalent influenza vaccines. Data from those studies, taken together with epidemiologic data regarding the burden of disease caused by influenza B infections, will determine the safety, effectiveness, and benefit of utilizing quadrivalent vaccines for the prevention of seasonal influenza disease.