"If they rape me, I can't blame them": Reflections on gender in the social context of child rape in South Africa and Namibia
"If they rape me, I can't blame them": Reflections on gender in the social context of child rape in South Africa and Namibia
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2005.03.022
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发表时间：
2005-10-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Rose-Junius, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jewkes, R;Penn-Kekana, L;Rose-Junius, H
本研究是基于77个半结构化的深入访谈和3个小组讨论，其中进行了温得和克，纳米比亚和农村姆普马兰加省，南非的线人。向儿童（虐待幸存者和其他人）、父母、社区男女和一系列关键的信息提供者（如警察、社会工作者、卫生工作者、非政府组织工作人员和教师）询问了他们对强奸儿童和抚养儿童的经历和看法。这项研究的根源在于最近人们普遍关注南部非洲儿童强奸的高发率。根据这些数据，我们反思了南非和纳米比亚儿童强奸的社会背景，这些社会背景至少为这些行为提供了空间，而实际上并没有使这些行为合法化。我们认为，由于一系列创造机会的想法，儿童容易受到虐待。其中最重要的是占主导地位的父权思想，再加上这些社会中明显的年龄等级制度。男子，特别是女童的高地位，降低了女童拒绝性挑逗的能力，并使男子产生了他们应该控制妇女和儿童的期望，从而导致女童的脆弱性。强奸往往是一种惩罚行为，用来显示对女童的权力和制造控制。强奸也被用作与自己（强奸者）交流男子气概和力量的工具。这种避免被抓的能力在一些强奸案中很重要。一些儿童由于来自案件被追究的可能性很低的背景而变得脆弱。虽然人们常说社区憎恶强奸儿童，但对案件的答复表明，往往没有对犯罪者采取强有力的行动，女孩可能同样或主要受到指责。在离家近的情况下，肇事者往往受到保护。因此，主要的信息是，尽管强奸儿童令人憎恶，但反应非常不足。两性平等方面的进展是积极变革的核心。(c)2005爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
The study was based on 77 semi-structured in-depth interviews and 3 small group discussions which were conducted with informants in Windhoek, Namibia and rural Mpumalanga province, South Africa. Children (abuse survivors and others), parents, men and women from the community and a range of key informants (such as police, social workers, health workers, NGO staff and teachers) were asked about their experiences and perceptions of child rape and child rearing. This study has its roots in the recent popular concern about the high prevalence of child rape in Southern Africa. Drawing on the data, we reflect on aspects of the social context of child rape in South Africa and Namibia that at least provide space for, without actually legitimating, these acts. We argue that children are rendered vulnerable to abuse because of a series of ideas which create opportunities. the most important of which is the dominant patriarchal ideology, compounded by the pronounced age hierarchies found in these societies. The high status of men, with respect to particularly girl children, leads to vulnerability through reducing girls' ability to refuse sexual advances and generating expectations in men that they should control women and children. Rape is often an act of punishment, used to demonstrate power over girl children and manufacture control. Rape is also used as an instrument of communication with oneself (the rapist) about masculinity and powerfulness. This ability to avoid being caught was important in some rapes. Some children are rendered vulnerable by coming from backgrounds where the likelihood of cases being pursued was low. Whilst it is often said that communities abhor child rape, responses to cases show that often strong action is not taken against perpetrators and the girls may be equally, or predominantly, blamed. In cases close to home, perpetrators are often protected. Thus the dominant message is that much as child rape is abhorred, responses are highly inadequate. Advances in gender equity are central to positive change. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.