Localization and glassy dynamics of many-body quantum systems.
Localization and glassy dynamics of many-body quantum systems.
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DOI：
10.1038/srep00243
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Fabrizio, Michele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carleo, Giuseppe;Becca, Federico;Schiro, Marco;Fabrizio, Michele
当经典系统无法探索其整个构型空间时，可能会出现老化和玻璃形成等有趣的宏观现象。此外，封闭的量子力学系统可能会停止在整个希尔伯特空间中自由徘徊，即使它们最初被准备成宏观上大的本征态组合。在这里，我们报告的数值证据表明，强相互作用的晶格玻色子驱动足够远离平衡的动力学可以被困在极长寿命的非均匀亚稳态。在阈值能量以上的非相干密度激发的减慢，让人想起在玻璃化转变的边缘的动态逮捕，被确定为这种现象的关键特征。我们认为，由此产生的长寿命的不均匀性是负责缺乏热化在大型系统中观察到的。我们在此建议，通过探测方便制备的被困冷原子量子态的非平衡动力学，可以在实验上发现这样一个丰富的现象。
When classical systems fail to explore their entire configurational space, intriguing macroscopic phenomena like aging and glass formation may emerge. Also closed quanto-mechanical systems may stop wandering freely around the whole Hilbert space, even if they are initially prepared into a macroscopically large combination of eigenstates. Here, we report numerical evidences that the dynamics of strongly interacting lattice bosons driven sufficiently far from equilibrium can be trapped into extremely long-lived inhomogeneous metastable states. The slowing down of incoherent density excitations above a threshold energy, much reminiscent of a dynamical arrest on the verge of a glass transition, is identified as the key feature of this phenomenon. We argue that the resulting long-lived inhomogeneities are responsible for the lack of thermalization observed in large systems. Such a rich phenomenology could be experimentally uncovered upon probing the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of conveniently prepared quantum states of trapped cold atoms which we hereby suggest.
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