Transforming the body-only system into the body-plus-tool system
Transforming the body-only system into the body-plus-tool system
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DOI：
10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.04.016
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Fragaszy, Dorothy M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mangalam, Madhur;Fragaszy, Dorothy M.
工具使用的传统定义通常将对象的功能及其使用对环境的影响进行操作，并且通常不考虑导致工具动作的身体、任务和环境之间的动态关系。这一遗漏严重限制了这些定义在比较个体、群体和物种之间的工具使用行为方面的效用。为了解决这个问题，我们提出了一种工具使用的具身理论，其前提是工具将仅有身体的系统转变为身体加工具的系统。它（1）根据身体、任务和环境的不同特征对工具使用动作的发展施加的约束来解释工具使用行为的发展，（2）根据工具使用动作的时空组织来衡量行动者的灵巧性，从而优化至少一个复合性能结果变量，以及（3）根据身体加工具系统的生物力学自由度的控制来衡量工具使用的复杂性。这种工具使用的具体理论适用于各种物种、任务和环境。 (C) 2016 年动物行为研究协会。由爱思唯尔有限公司出版。保留所有权利。
The traditional definitions of tool use typically operationalize the functionality of an object and the effect of its use on the environment and, typically, do not account for the dynamic relation among the body, task and environment that result in actions with a tool. This omission severely restricts the utility of these definitions for comparisons of tool use behaviour across individuals, populations and species. To address this issue, we propose an embodied theory of tool use based on the premise that a tool transforms the body-only system into the body-plus-tool system. It (1) explains the development of a tool use behaviour in terms of constraints on the development of tool use movements imposed by different features of the body, task and environment, (2) measures the dexterity of an actor in terms of the spatiotemporal organization of tool use movements that optimize at least one composite performance outcome variable and (3) measures the complexity in the use of a tool in terms of the control of the biomechanical degrees of freedom of the body-plus-tool system. Such an embodied theory of tool use is applicable across species, tasks and environments. (C) 2016 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.