Microbial life in the nascent Chicxulub crater-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1130/g46799.1

发表时间：

2020-01

期刊：

Geology

影响因子：

5.8

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

地球科学1区

文献类型：

作者：

B. Schaefer;K. Grice;M. Coolen;R. Summons;X. Cui;T. Bauersachs;L. Schwark;M. Böttcher;T. Bralower;S. Lyons;K. Freeman;C. Cockell;S. Gulick;J. Morgan;M. Whalen;C. Lowery;V. Vajda

希克苏鲁伯陨石坑是由小行星撞击形成的。 66马。这种影响被认为导致了白垩纪末期的大规模灭绝，并由于光合作用的短暂停止而降低了世界海洋的生产力。在这里，从陨石坑核心材料中提取的生物标志物谱揭示了对撞击后剧变和微生物生命快速恢复的独特见解。在撞击发生后的几小时到几天内，海洋涌动淹没了陨石坑，随后的海啸将周围碳酸盐坡道的碎片带来。沉积的物质，包括诊断陆地植物、蓝细菌和光合硫细菌的生物标志物，似乎是被沿海微生物垫的波浪能所动员的。几天到几个月后，随着能量消退，单细胞蓝藻的大量繁殖得到了陆源营养物质的推动。大约 200 k.y.后来，养分供应减弱，盆地恢复到贫营养状态，这从固氮蓝细菌生物标志物中可以看出。 1米时撞击后，大量的光合硫细菌支持了陨石坑内水柱光区euxinia的发展。

The Chicxulub crater was formed by an asteroid impact at ca. 66 Ma. The impact is considered to have contributed to the end-Cretaceous mass extinction and reduced productivity in the world’s oceans due to a transient cessation of photosynthesis. Here, biomarker profiles extracted from crater core material reveal exceptional insights into the post-impact upheaval and rapid recovery of microbial life. In the immediate hours to days after the impact, ocean resurge flooded the crater and a subsequent tsunami delivered debris from the surrounding carbonate ramp. Deposited material, including biomarkers diagnostic for land plants, cyanobacteria, and photosynthetic sulfur bacteria, appears to have been mobilized by wave energy from coastal microbial mats. As that energy subsided, days to months later, blooms of unicellular cyanobacteria were fueled by terrigenous nutrients. Approximately 200 k.y. later, the nutrient supply waned and the basin returned to oligotrophic conditions, as evident from N2-fixing cyanobacteria biomarkers. At 1 m.y. after impact, the abundance of photosynthetic sulfur bacteria supported the development of water-column photic zone euxinia within the crater.

Microbial life in the nascent Chicxulub crater

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