Changing emphases in sexuality education in US public secondary schools, 1988-1999
Changing emphases in sexuality education in US public secondary schools, 1988-1999
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DOI：
10.2307/2648173
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发表时间：
2000-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Singh, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Darroch, JE;Landry, DJ;Singh, S
背景：自1980年代后期以来，围绕性教育的政治背景和实际教学方法都发生了很大变化。然而，很少有目前的国家信息已经提供性教育的内容，让深入了解这些变化的广度和它们对当前leaching.Methods的影响：在1999年，一项全国代表性的调查收集数据，从3,754名教师在7-12年级的五个专业最经常负责性教育。这些教师和1767名实际教授性教育的教师的结果与1988年进行的一项可比的全国调查的结果进行了比较。93%的受访者报告说，在7-12年级的某个时候，他们的学校教授性教育;性教育涵盖了广泛的主题，包括性传播疾病（性病），禁欲，节育，堕胎和性取向。1999年教授的一些主题艾滋病病毒如何传播、性病、禁欲、如何抵制同龄人要求性交的压力以及使用避孕套的正确方法的年级比1988年低。1999年，23%的中学性教育教师将禁欲作为预防怀孕和性传播疾病的唯一途径，而1988年只有2%的教师这样做。与1988年相比，1999年接受调查的教师更有可能将禁欲作为他们希望传达的最重要信息（41%对25%）。此外，1988年至1999年期间，支持讲授节育、堕胎和性取向问题的教师的百分比以及实际讲授这些问题的教师的百分比，总体上和各年级都急剧下降。然而，39%的1999年受访者提出禁欲作为唯一的选择，也告诉学生，无论是节育和避孕套可以是effective.Conclusions：在中学公立学校的性教育越来越多地集中在禁欲，是不太可能向学生提供全面的教学，包括必要的信息和主题，如节育，堕胎和性取向。正因为如此，尽管一些禁欲教育也包括节育和避孕套作为有效的预防方法，但许多学生没有得到教师认为他们需要的准确信息。
Context: Since the late 1980s, both the political context surrounding sexuality education and actual teaching approaches have changed considerably. However, little current national information has been available on the content of sexuality education to allow in-depth understanding of the breadth of these changes and their impact on current leaching.Methods: In 1999, a nationally representative survey collected data from 3,754 teachers in grades 7-12 in the five specialties most often responsible for sexuality education. Results from those teachers and from the subset of 1, 767 who actually taught sexuality education are compared with the findings from a comparable national survey conducted in 1988.Results: In 1999. 93% of all respondents reported that sexuality education was taught in their school at some point in grades 7-12; sexuality education covered a broad number of topics, including sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), abstinence, birth control, abortion and sexual orientation. Some topics-how HIV is transmitted, STDs, abstinence, how to resist peer-pressure to have intercourse and the correct way to use a condom-were taught at lower grades in 1999 than in 1988. In 1999, 23% of secondary school sexuality education teachers taught abstinence as the only way of preventing pregnancy and STDs, compared with 2% who did so in 1988. Teachers surveyed in 1999 were more likely than those in 1988 to cite abstinence as the most important message they wished to convey (41% vs. 25%). In addition, steep declines occurred between 1988 and 1999, overall and across grade levels, in the percentage of teachers who supported teaching about birth control, abortion and sexual orientation, as well as in the percentage actually covering those topics. However; 39% of 1999 respondents who presented abstinence as the only option also told students that both birth control and the condom can be effective.Conclusions: Sexuality education in secondary public schools is increasingly focused on abstinence and is less likely to present students with comprehensive teaching that includes necessary information an topics such as birth control, abortion and sexual orientation. Because of this, and in spite of some abstinence instruction that also covers birth control and condoms as effective methods of prevention, many students are not receiving accurate information on topics their teachers feel they need.