Associations between air pollution and mortality in Phoenix, 1995-1997
Associations between air pollution and mortality in Phoenix, 1995-1997
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DOI：
10.2307/3454354
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发表时间：
2000-04-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Larson, TV
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mar, TF;Norris, GA;Larson, TV
我们使用3年（1995-1997年）的每日数据，评估了亚利桑那州凤凰城老年人死亡率结果与不同空气动力学直径（微米）的颗粒物（PM）[PM10、PM2.5和PMCF（PM10减去PM2.5）]以及选定的颗粒物和气相污染物之间的相关性。虽然源解析和流行病学的方法已经结合起来，调查空气污染对死亡率的影响，这是第一个研究使用脱轨的PM组成数据的时间序列分析死亡率。凤凰城位于美国东南部，拥有约100万居民（9.7%的居民年龄> 65岁）。PM数据来自位于凤凰城中部的美国环境保护署（EPA）国家暴露研究实验室平台。我们从EPA大气信息检索系统数据库中获得了气态污染物数据，特别是一氧化碳、二氧化氮、臭氧和二氧化硫数据。我们使用Poisson回归分析来评估空气污染与非意外死亡率和心血管死亡率之间的关系。总死亡率与CO和NO2显著相关（p < 0.05），与SO2、PM10和PMCF弱相关（p < 0.10）。心血管死亡率与CO、NO2、SO2、PM2.5、PM10、PMCF（P < 0.05）和元素碳显著相关。因子分析表明，燃烧相关的污染物和二次气溶胶（硫酸盐）与心血管死亡率。
We evaluated the association between mortality outcomes in elderly individuals and particulate matter (PM) of varying aerodynamic diameters (in micrometers) [PM10, PM2.5, and PMCF (PM10 minus PM2.5)], and selected particulate and gaseous phase pollutants in Phoenix, Arizona, using 3 years of daily data (1995-1997). Although source apportionment and epidemiologic methods have been previously combined to investigate the effects of air pollution on mortality, this is the first study to use derailed PM composition data in a time-series analysis of mortality. Phoenix is in the and Southwest and has approximately 1 million residents (9.7% of the residents are > 65 years of age). PM data were obtained from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) National Exposure Research Laboratory Platform in central Phoenix. We obtained gaseous pollutant data, specifically carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and sulfur dioxide data, from the EPA Aerometric Information Retrieval System Database. We used Poisson regression analysis to evaluate the associations between air pollution and nonaccidental mortality and cardiovascular mortality. Total mortality was significantly associated with CO and NO2 (p < 0.05) and weakly associated with SO2, PM10, and PMCF (p < 0.10). Cardiovascular mortality was significantly associated with CO, NO2, SO2, PM2.5, PM10, PMCF (P < 0.05), and elemental carbon. Factor analysis revealed that both combustion-related pollutants and secondary aerosols (sulfates) were associated with cardiovasdar mortality.