Temporal and spatial characteristics of extreme hourly precipitation over eastern China in the warm season
Temporal and spatial characteristics of extreme hourly precipitation over eastern China in the warm season
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DOI：
10.1007/s00376-011-0020-0
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发表时间：
2011-08
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Huan Zhang;P. Zhai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Huan Zhang;P. Zhai
利用1961—2000年中国东部暖季逐时降水资料，分析了20 mm h - 1和50 mm h - 1降水频率的空间分布，并讨论了短时降水事件和强降水事件的判据。此外，采用百分位法定义局地逐时极端降水；在此基础上，进一步研究了极端降水的日变化趋势。结果表明，在云南、华南、华北和东北地区，极端降水事件最频繁地发生在傍晚和/或傍晚。在贵州高原和四川盆地，极端降水事件发生频率最高的时段是深夜和（或）清晨。在川西高原，最大频率发生在午夜。近50年来，中国东部大部分地区，特别是东北地区和长江中下游地区，极端降水频率呈增加趋势，而华北地区降水明显减少。此外，贵州高原和长江中下游站的逐小时极端降水夜间的增加趋势明显大于白天。
Based on hourly precipitation data in eastern China in the warm season during 1961–2000, spatial distributions of frequency for 20 mm h−1and 50 mm h−1precipitation were analyzed, and the criteria of short-duration rainfall events and severe rainfall events are discussed. Furthermore, the percentile method was used to define local hourly extreme precipitation; based on this, diurnal variations and trends in extreme precipitation were further studied.The results of this study show that, over Yunnan, South China, North China, and Northeast China, the most frequent extreme precipitation events occur most frequently in late afternoon and/or early evening. In the Guizhou Plateau and the Sichuan Basin, the maximum frequency of extreme precipitation events occurs in the late night and/or early morning. And in the western Sichuan Plateau, the maximum frequency occurs in the middle of the night.The frequency of extreme precipitation (based on hourly rainfall measurements) has increased in most parts of eastern China, especially in Northeast China and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, but precipitation has decreased significantly in North China in the past 50 years. In addition, stations in the Guizhou Plateau and the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River exhibit significant increasing trends in hourly precipitation extremes during the nighttime more than during the daytime.