Chronic mild stress impact: Are females more vulnerable?
Chronic mild stress impact: Are females more vulnerable?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.06.068
复制
发表时间：
2005-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Papadopoulou-Daifoti, Z
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dalla, C;Antoniou, K;Papadopoulou-Daifoti, Z
尽管我们知道女性比男性更容易患上与压力有关的精神疾病，比如重度抑郁症，但目前还没有关于性别在可能导致抑郁症的慢性压力的有害影响中的作用的全面估计。在慢性轻度应激抑郁症模型中，研究了行为参数与血清素能和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴活性相关的性别差异。此外，在雄性和雌性大鼠中，研究了慢性轻度应激暴露对额外/新的短期应激过程（如强迫游泳试验）的影响。雌性大鼠更容易受到慢性轻度压力的影响，表现为蔗糖摄入中断，野外活动减少，皮质酮水平升高，发情周期改变，海马体和下丘脑血清素能活性降低。相反，在雄性中，目前的慢性轻度应激方案只引起行为改变，如蔗糖摄入中断和开阔场地活动减少。有趣的是，在强迫游泳测试中，先前遭受慢性轻度压力的女性在第二次强迫游泳测试中表现出更积极的行为，下丘脑的血清素活性也比相应的男性更高，从而更好地应对了强迫游泳测试。另一方面，男性受先前慢性轻度应激暴露的影响更大，表现为第一次强迫游泳测试时活跃行为减少，第二次强迫游泳测试后皮质酮水平升高。这些数据表明，尽管女性在慢性轻度应激的应用中比男性更脆弱，但在对额外的新应激源（强迫游泳测试）的反应中，她们表现出更好的反应。因此，在压力相关精神疾病的病理生理学研究中，应仔细考虑性别/性别和压力过程的组合。(c) 2005年由Elsevier Ltd代表IBRO出版。
Despite the knowledge that women are more susceptible than men to stress-related mental illness, such as major depression, there is no comprehensive estimation of the role of gender in the detrimental effects of chronic stress that might cause depression. Sex differences regarding the association of behavioral parameters with serotonergic and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis activities were investigated in the chronic mild stress model of depression. Additionally, the impact of chronic mild stress exposure on an additional/novel short-term stressful procedure, such as the forced swim test was examined in male and female rats. Female rats were found to be more vulnerable to chronic mild stress and that was depicted with disruption of sucrose intake, decreases in open field activity, increased corticosterone levels, alteration in estrous cycle and decreased serotonergic activity in hippocampus and hypothalamus. On the contrary, in males the current chronic mild stress protocol elicited only behavioral changes, such as disruption in sucrose intake and decreased open field activity. Interestingly, in response to forced swim test, females previously subjected to chronic mild stress, were found to cope better by exhibiting increased active behavior in the second forced swim test session and higher hypothalamic serotonergic activity in comparison with corresponding males. On the other hand, males were more affected by previous chronic mild stress exposure and that was manifested by decreased active behavior in the first forced swim test session and increased corticosterone levels following second forced swim test session. These data indicate that although females are more vulnerable in the application of chronic mild stress than males, in response to an additional-novel stressor (forced swim test) they show better response. Therefore, both sex/gender and combination of stressful procedures should be carefully considered in the study of the pathophysiology of stress-related mental illnesses. (c) 2005 Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IBRO.