Boring but important: a self-transcendent purpose for learning fosters academic self-regulation.
Boring but important: a self-transcendent purpose for learning fosters academic self-regulation.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0037637
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发表时间：
2014-10
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Duckworth AL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yeager DS;Henderson MD;Paunesku D;Walton GM;D'Mello S;Spitzer BJ;Duckworth AL
许多重要的学习任务对学习者来说是枯燥乏味的。本研究提出，促进亲社会，自我超越的目的可以提高学业自我调节的任务。这项建议得到了四项研究的支持，研究对象是2,000多名青少年和年轻人。研究1记录了自我超越的学习目的和自我报告的学业自我调节特质措施之间的相关性。那些对学习更有目的的人在一项无聊的任务上坚持的时间也更长，而不是屈服于一个诱人的选择，而且，许多个月后，他们不太可能从大学辍学。研究2讨论了因果关系。它表明，一个简短的，一次性的心理干预，促进自我超越的学习目的，可以提高高中科学和数学GPA几个月。研究3和研究4是探索可能机制的短期实验。他们表明，自我超越目的操纵可以增加繁琐的考试复习材料的深度学习行为（研究3），并在越来越无聊的任务过程中维持自我调节（研究4）。更多的自我导向的学习动机，如希望有一个有趣或愉快的职业，并没有，对他们自己，一贯产生这些好处（研究1和4）。
Many important learning tasks feel uninteresting and tedious to learners. This research proposed that promoting a prosocial, self-transcendent purpose could improve academic self-regulation on such tasks. This proposal was supported in four studies with over 2,000 adolescents and young adults. Study 1 documented a correlation between a self-transcendent purpose for learning and self-reported trait measures of academic self-regulation. Those with more of a purpose for learning also persisted longer on a boring task rather than giving in to a tempting alternative, and, many months later, were less likely to drop out of college. Study 2 addressed causality. It showed that a brief, one-time psychological intervention promoting a self-transcendent purpose for learning could improve high school science and math GPA over several months. Studies 3 and 4 were short-term experiments that explored possible mechanisms. They showed that the self-transcendent purpose manipulation could increase deeper learning behavior on tedious test review materials (Study 3), and sustain self-regulation over the course of an increasingly-boring task (Study 4). More self-oriented motives for learning—such as the desire to have an interesting or enjoyable career—did not, on their own, consistently produce these benefits (Studies 1 and 4).