Additional validation of a scale to assess positive states of mind
Additional validation of a scale to assess positive states of mind
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DOI：
10.1097/00006842-199801000-00006
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发表时间：
1998-01-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Moyer, A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adler, NE;Horowitz, M;Moyer, A
目的：大量研究已将压力和消极状态与不良健康结果联系起来。然而，除了产生消极状态外，压力还可能损害体验积极状态的能力。这种未能体验到积极状态的情况可能会导致健康状况恶化。研究报告称，她的研究检查了一种简短、易于重复的积极心态（PSOM）测量方法，包括：集中注意力、生产力、负责任的照顾、宁静的休息、分享、非性的感官愉悦和性愉悦。方法：对四个独立样本进行 PSOM 量表和心理痛苦、压力和身体症状的测量：两个样本是大学生，两个样本是孕妇，其中一个样本正在接受潜在压力的医疗程序（羊膜穿刺术）。研究了 PSOM 分数与几个概念上相关但不同的心理变量之间的关系，并在必要时控制了社会期望的影响。结果：PSOM 项目的得分范围表明，在经历压力的受试者中，获得相关体验的能力确实发生了损害。 PSOM 量表总体得分始终显示与焦虑和压力指标呈反比关系。此外，PSOM Stale 得分较低与更多的躯体症状相关。结论：结果提供证据表明，积极的心态与消极的心理状态有关，并对压力事件做出反应。 PSOM 量表为压力与健康研究提供了一种有用、简短的衡量标准。
Objective: Numerous studies have linked stress and negative states to adverse health outcomes. However, in addition to engendering negative states, stress may impair capacities to experience positive states. Such failure to experience positive states may represent a risk faster for poor health in and of itself. The research reported hers examines a brief, easily repeated measure of positive states of mind (PSOM) including: focused attention, productivity, responsible caretaking, restful repose, sharing, sensuous nonsexual pleasure, and sensuous sexual pleasure. Method: The PSOM Scale and measures of psychological distress, stress, and physical symptoms were administered in four independent samples: two samples of college students and two samples of pregnant women, one undergoing a potentially stressful medical procedure (amniocentesis). The relationship between PSOM scores and several conceptually related, but distinct, psychological variables was examined, controlling for the effect of social desirability where necessary. Results: The range of scores on the items of the PSOM indicated that impairments of ability to have the relevant experiences did occur in the subjects who were experiencing stress. The overall PSOM Scale score consistently showed an inverse relationship with anxiety and with indicators of stress. In addition, lower scores on the PSOM Stale were associated with more somatic symptomatology. Conclusion: The results provide evidence that positive states of mind are linked to negative psychological rates and are responsive to stressful events. The PSOM scale provides a useful, brief measure for research in stress and health.