Effects of frequency and similarity neighborhoods on pharmacists' visual perception of drug names
Effects of frequency and similarity neighborhoods on pharmacists' visual perception of drug names
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DOI：
10.1016/s0277-9536(03)00059-5
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发表时间：
2003-11-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Gupta, P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lambert, BL;Chang, KY;Gupta, P
为了最大限度地减少药物名称混淆错误，监管机构、制药公司和临床医生需要工具来帮助他们预测哪些名称最有可能引起混淆。在美国进行的两个实验检验了刺激频率（即指定目标名称的频率）、邻域频率（即指定目标名称的“邻居”的频率）和邻域密度（在目标名称的固定距离内有多少个名称）对药剂师在视觉感知识别任务中犯错误的概率的影响。在这两个实验中，受试者的任务都是在电脑显示器上播放3秒后，正确识别一系列模糊的药物名称。在第一个实验中，45名药剂师查看了160个打印出来的名字，错误地识别了其中60.6%。随机效应回归结果表明，刺激频率的影响显著，邻域密度的影响显著。刺激频率与邻域密度、邻域频率与邻域密度之间存在显著的双向交互作用。在第二个实验中，37名药剂师查看了156个手写的药品名称，错误识别了45.7%。随机效应回归结果显示，刺激频率和邻域密度的主效应显著。这些都包含在一个显著的三方相互作用中：刺激频率和邻里密度之间的相互作用存在于高邻里频率，而不存在于低邻里频率。客观可测的频率和邻域特征对药师视觉感知误差有可预测的影响。创建和评估药品名称的组织，以及医院、药房和卫生系统，在评估视觉上令人困惑的名称时应考虑这些特征。2003爱思唯尔科学有限公司版权所有。
To minimize drug name confusion errors, regulators, drug companies, and clinicians need tools that help them predict which names are most likely to be involved in confusions. Two experiments, carried out in the United States, examined the effects of stimulus frequency (i.e., how frequently a target name is prescribed), neighborhood frequency (i.e., how frequently prescribed are the "neighbors" of the target name), and neighborhood density (how many names are within a fixed distance of the target name) on the probability of pharmacists making an error in a visual perceptual identification task. In both experiments, the task was to correctly identify a series of blurry drug names after a 3s presentation on a computer monitor. In the first experiment, 45 pharmacists viewed 160 typewritten names, incorrectly identifying 60.6% of them. Random effects regression revealed a significant beneficial effect of stimulus frequency and a detrimental effect of neighborhood density. Significant two-way interactions were observed between stimulus frequency and neighborhood density and neighborhood frequency and neighborhood density. In the second experiment, 37 pharmacists viewed 156 handwritten drug names, incorrectly identifying 45.7%. Random effects regression revealed significant main effects of stimulus frequency and neighborhood density. These were contained within a significant three-way interaction: The interaction between stimulus frequency and neighborhood density was present at high but not low neighborhood frequency. Objectively measurable frequency and neighborhood characteristics have predictable effects on errors in pharmacists' visual perception. Organizations that coin and evaluate drug names, as well as hospitals, pharmacies, and health systems, should consider these characteristics when assessing visually confusing names. (C) 2003 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.