Harmonic Structure Design: A Strategy for Outstanding Mechanical Properties in Structural Materials
Harmonic Structure Design: A Strategy for Outstanding Mechanical Properties in Structural Materials
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DOI：
10.3390/met10121615
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发表时间：
2020-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
B. Sharma;G. Dirras;K. Ameyama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
B. Sharma;G. Dirras;K. Ameyama
结构化异质材料在生物系统中普遍存在，并且现在在结构工程中被采用以在金属材料中实现量身定制的特性。本文概述了称为谐波结构（HS）的独特网络类型异质结构，该结构由坚固的超细颗粒（壳）骨架的连续三维网络组成，其中填充有柔软的粗颗粒（核心）区域的岛屿。HS微观结构是通过涉及微米级金属粉末颗粒的剧烈塑性变形（SPD）及其随后的烧结的策略性加工方法来实现的。HS设计的材料的微观结构和性能可以通过根据材料的固有特性控制机械研磨和烧结条件来改变核和壳区的一部分来控制。HS设计的金属材料表现出高强度和延展性的特殊组合，这是由于微观结构矩阵中的优化分层特征。实验和数值计算结果表明，连续网络的梯度结构，除了大程度的微观结构的不均匀性导致明显的力学不相容性和应变分配，在塑性变形。因此，与传统的均质（homo）结构材料相比，在HS设计的材料中可以获得协同效应，例如协同增强。本文综述了HS结构材料的最新发展，并指出了进一步的挑战和机遇。
Structured heterogeneous materials are ubiquitous in a biological system and are now adopted in structural engineering to achieve tailor-made properties in metallic materials. The present paper is an overview of the unique network type heterogeneous structure called Harmonic Structure (HS) consisting of a continuous three-dimensional network of strong ultrafine-grained (shell) skeleton filled with islands of soft coarse-grained (core) zones. The HS microstructure is realized by the strategic processing method involving severe plastic deformation (SPD) of micron-sized metallic powder particles and their subsequent sintering. The microstructure and properties of HS-designed materials can be controlled by altering a fraction of core and shell zones by controlling mechanical milling and sintering conditions depending on the inherent characteristics of a material. The HS-designed metallic materials exhibit an exceptional combination of high strength and ductility, resulting from optimized hierarchical features in the microstructure matrix. The experimental and numerical results demonstrate that the continuous network of gradient structure in addition to the large degree of microstructural heterogeneity leads to obvious mechanical incompatibility and strain partitioning, during plastic deformation. Therefore, in contrast to the conventional homogeneous (homo) structured materials, synergy effects, such as synergy strengthening, can be obtained in HS-designed materials. This review highlights recent developments in HS-structured materials as well as identifies further challenges and opportunities.