Herbivore specific induction of silica-based plant defences
Herbivore specific induction of silica-based plant defences
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DOI：
10.1007/s00442-007-0703-5
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Hartley, Sue E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Massey, Fergus P.;Ennos, A. Roland;Hartley, Sue E.
诱导植物对食草动物的反应对食草动物的取食行为、生产性能和种群动态有重要影响。这些效应对于化学防御来说是确定的，但是物理防御的诱导仍然很少研究。然而，对于许多植物来说，物理防御在调节草食动物持续损害的水平方面发挥着主要作用。我们提供的证据表明，在草，物理防御的诱导都是特定的食草动物喂养，而不是机械损伤，并可能取决于所施加的损害的量。此外，我们表明诱导反应的幅度足以阻止进一步的损害并影响食草动物的表现。我们比较了二氧化硅诱导两个草种脊椎动物和无脊椎动物的损害，机械落叶。在16个月的时间里，在两个损伤水平上对诱导进行了评估。叶片中的二氧化硅含量没有增加，机械落叶，但无论是田鼠或蝗虫的损害导致二氧化硅含量增加了400%以上。这种增加阻止了田鼠和蝗虫的进食。二氧化硅诱导草由于重复的损害事件在很长一段时间内表明二氧化硅防御在许多食草动物中观察到的周期性种群波动中可能发挥的作用。
Induced plant responses to herbivory have major impacts on herbivore feeding behaviour, performance and population dynamics. These effects are well established for chemical defences, but induction of physical defences remains far less studied. However, for many plants, it is physical defences that play the major role in regulating the levels of herbivore damage sustained. We provide evidence that, in grasses, induction of physical defences is both specific to herbivore feeding, as opposed to mechanical damage, and may be dependant on the amount of damage imposed. Furthermore, we show that the magnitude of the induction response is sufficient to deter further damage and affect herbivore performance. We compared silica induction in two grass species in response to vertebrate and invertebrate damage, and to mechanical defoliation. Induction was assessed at two levels of damage over 16 months. Foliar silica content did not increase in response to mechanical defoliation, but damage by either voles or locusts resulted in increases in silica content of over 400%. This increase deterred feeding by both voles and locusts. Silica induction in grasses due to repeated damage events over a prolonged period suggests a possible role for silica defence in the cyclical population fluctuations observed in many grass-feeding herbivores.