Pathological Cardiopulmonary Evaluation of Rats Chronically Exposed to Traffic-Related Air Pollution.
Pathological Cardiopulmonary Evaluation of Rats Chronically Exposed to Traffic-Related Air Pollution.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp7045
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发表时间：
2020-12
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Rao X
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Edwards S;Zhao G;Tran J;Patten KT;Valenzuela A;Wallis C;Bein KJ;Wexler AS;Lein PJ;Rao X
与空气污染有关的空气污染（TRAP）是由颗粒物、气体和挥发性化合物的复杂混合物组成的。然而，在大多数动物研究中，TRAP对心肺系统的影响已经通过急性暴露于单一污染物进行了测试。长期暴露于未经修饰的空气污染的动物的心肺效应和分子机制尚未得到研究。此外，TRAP暴露的性别依赖性毒性很少被评估。本研究旨在评估雌性和雄性大鼠长期暴露于未经修饰的真实世界TRAP的心肺效应。将4周龄的雄性和雌性大鼠暴露于TRAP或过滤空气中14个月，这些空气来自北方加州的一个主要高速公路隧道系统。在肺、心脏、脾脏和血浆中检查炎症和氧化应激标志物，并在雄性和雌性大鼠的肺中定量TRAP沉积。元素分析显示，女性肺部的八种元素和男性肺部的一种元素含量较高。与纤维化、衰老、氧化应激和炎症相关的基因表达在暴露于TRAP的大鼠心脏中更高，雌性大鼠比雄性大鼠更敏感。只有在TRAP暴露的女性心脏中发现胶原蛋白积聚增加。雌性和雄性大鼠的血浆细胞因子分泌均较高，但仅在TRAP暴露的雄性脾脏中炎性巨噬细胞较高。我们在大鼠中的研究结果表明，慢性TRAP暴露的病理后果，包括性别差异表明女性可能更容易受到TRAP诱导的心脏纤维化。https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7045
Traffic-related air pollution (TRAP) is made up of complex mixtures of particulate matter, gases and volatile compounds. However, the effects of TRAP on the cardiopulmonary system in most animal studies have been tested using acute exposure to singular pollutants. The cardiopulmonary effects and molecular mechanisms in animals that are chronically exposed to unmodified air pollution as a whole have yet to be studied. Additionally, sex-dependent toxicity of TRAP exposure has rarely been evaluated. This study sought to assess the cardiopulmonary effect of chronic exposure to unmodified, real-world TRAP in both female and male rats. Four-week-old male and female rats were exposed to TRAP or filtered air for 14 months in a novel facility drawing air from a major freeway tunnel system in Northern California. Inflammation and oxidative stress markers were examined in the lung, heart, spleen, and plasma, and TRAP deposits were quantified in the lungs of both male and female rats. Elemental analysis showed higher levels of eight elements in the female lungs and one element in the male lungs. Expression of genes related to fibrosis, aging, oxidative stress, and inflammation were higher in the rat hearts exposed to TRAP, with female rats being more susceptible than males. Enhanced collagen accumulation was found only in the TRAP-exposed female hearts. Plasma cytokine secretion was higher in both female and male rats, but inflammatory macrophages were higher only in TRAP-exposed male spleens. Our results in rats suggest pathological consequences from chronic TRAP exposure, including sex differences indicating females may be more susceptible to TRAP-induced cardiac fibrosis. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP7045