Developmental genetic programs and activity-dependent mechanisms instruct neocortical area mapping
Developmental genetic programs and activity-dependent mechanisms instruct neocortical area mapping
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DOI：
10.1016/j.conb.2018.06.007
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发表时间：
2018-12-01
影响因子：
5.7
通讯作者：
Studer, Michele
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Simi, Alessandro;Studer, Michele
哺乳动物的新皮质被细分为专门的通道特定区域，负责处理感觉信息，然后进行适当的运动反应。这个过程被称为区域化，依赖于出生前新皮质前体细胞和有丝分裂后神经元中转录因子的分级表达，以及出生后丘脑皮质轴突驱动的外部活动依赖信号。丘脑的输入在内在决定的遗传框架内被引导，以躯体定位的方式选择性地靶向和支配第四层(L4)皮质神经元。L4棘星状神经元是兴奋性的局部投射神经元，在出生后第一周经历剧烈的树突重塑，是通往新皮质的主要感觉通道。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论内源性皮质基因调控和外源性活动依赖的输入如何指导L4棘星状神经元的细胞重组，这是初级体感地形图形成过程中桶状皮质正常形成所必需的。
The subdivision of the mammalian neocortex into specialized modality-specific areas is responsible for the processing of sensory information followed by an adequate motor response. This process, called arealization, depends on the graded expression of transcription factors in neocortical progenitors and postmitotic neurons prenatally, and on external activity-dependent cues driven by thalamocortical axons during postnatal stages. Thalamic inputs are guided within an intrinsically determined genetic framework to selectively target and innervate layer 4 (L4) cortical neurons in a somatotopic manner. L4 spiny stellate neurons are excitatory locally projecting neurons, which undergo a drastic dendrite remodeling during the first postnatal week and represent the principal sensory gateway to the neocortex. In this review, we will discuss the way intrinsic cortical gene regulation and extrinsic activity-dependent inputs instruct the cellular reorganization of L4 spiny stellate neurons, necessary for proper formation of the barrel cortex during the development of primary somatosensory maps.