Development of text reading in Japanese: an eye movement study
Development of text reading in Japanese: an eye movement study
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DOI：
10.1007/s11145-014-9500-9
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发表时间：
2014-02
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Nobuyuki Jincho;Gary Feng;R. Mazuka
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nobuyuki Jincho;Gary Feng;R. Mazuka
这项研究考察了日本三年级、五年级和成年读者眼球运动的年龄组差异。在实验1中，日本儿童，但不是成年人，表现出较长的固定时间上的语标汉字字比语音透明的平假名的话。此外，平假名词的首次注视持续时间存在年龄组差异，而汉字词则没有，这表明日本儿童的阅读发展依赖于字符类型。扫视着陆位置的分布检查发现，像成年人一样，三年级和五年级的学生更多地关注汉字，而不是平假名字符，这表明即使是年幼的儿童也与日本成年人一样使用相同的眼控策略（汉字定位策略）。在实验2中，我们考察了汉字在文本中的比例是否影响成人的阅读成绩。日本成年人在平假名比例高的文本中进行了更多的重定和回归。两个实验的结果都表明，汉字和假名之间的差异会影响学龄儿童的阅读效率，阅读技能的成熟可以使成年人在阅读汉字和假名混合文本时优化策略。
This study examined age-group differences in eye movements among third-grade, fifth-grade, and adult Japanese readers. In Experiment 1, Japanese children, but not adults, showed a longer fixation time on logographic kanji words than on phonologically transparent hiragana words. Further, an age-group difference was found in the first fixation duration on hiragana words but not on kanji words, suggesting character-type-dependent reading development in Japanese children. Examination of the distributions of saccade landing positions revealed that, like adults, both third and fifth graders fixated more on kanji than on hiragana characters, which suggests that even young children utilize the same oculomotor control strategy (the kanji targeting strategy) as Japanese adults. In Experiment 2, we examined whether the proportion of kanji characters in a text affected adult reading performance. Japanese adults made more refixations and regressions in texts with a high proportion of hiragana characters. The results of both experiments suggest that differences between kanji and kana affect the reading efficiency of school-age children and that maturation of reading skills allows adults to optimize their strategy in reading kanji and kana mixed texts.