What causes deforestation in Indonesia?
What causes deforestation in Indonesia?
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DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/aaf6db
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Kasibhatla, Prasad S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Austin, Kemen G.;Schwantes, Amanda;Kasibhatla, Prasad S.
我们在 2001 年至 2016 年间每年调查印度尼西亚森林砍伐的原因，印度尼西亚是热带地区原生天然林丧失率最高的国家之一。我们使用 Google 地球上提供的高空间分辨率图像来描述从全球森林变化数据集中随机选择的森林砍伐事件后的土地覆盖类型。在我们的研究期间，大规模油棕和木材种植园在该地区臭名昭著，总共造成了全国森林砍伐的五分之二以上，并在2016年末达到峰值，随后显着下降。森林转变为草原的情况平均占全国森林砍伐的五分之一，在经历大量火灾活动之后的几年中，特别是在2016年，森林转变为草原的比例急剧上升。 农业和小规模种植园也造成了全国森林损失的五分之一，并且是印度尼西亚主要岛屿以外森林损失的主要驱动因素。尽管对森林砍伐总量的贡献相对较小，但在研究期间，伐木道路导致森林砍伐比例下降，而采矿活动则导致森林砍伐比例增加。因此，印度尼西亚毁林的直接驱动因素在空间和时间上都是动态的，这表明需要在国家以下各级制定森林保护政策对策，并需要新的方法来监测随时间推移毁林的原因。
We investigate the causes of deforestation in Indonesia, a country with one of the highest rates of primary natural forest loss in the tropics, annually between 2001 and 2016. We use high spatial resolution imagery made available on Google Earth to characterize the land cover types following a random selection of deforestation events, drawn from the Global Forest Change dataset. Notorious in the region, large-scale oil palm and timber plantations together contributed more than two-fifths of nationwide deforestation over our study period, with a peak in late aughts followed by a notable decline up to 2016. Conversion of forests to grasslands, which comprised an average of one-fifth of national deforestation, rose sharply in dominance in years following periods of considerable fire activity, particularly in 2016. Small-scale agriculture and small-scale plantations also contributed one-fifth of nationwide forest loss and were the dominant drivers of loss outside the major islands of Indonesia. Although relatively small contributors to total deforestation, logging roads were responsible for a declining share of deforestation, and mining activities were responsible for an increasing share, over the study period. Direct drivers of deforestation in Indonesia are thus spatially and temporally dynamic, suggesting the need for forest conservation policy responses tailored at the subnational level, and new methods for monitoring the causes of deforestation over time.