The many faces of EMMPRIN-Roles in neuroinflammation
The many faces of EMMPRIN-Roles in neuroinflammation
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DOI：
10.1016/j.bbadis.2010.07.018
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发表时间：
2011-02-01
影响因子：
6.2
通讯作者：
Yong, V. Wee
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Agrawal, Smriti M.;Yong, V. Wee
中枢神经系统（CNS）是相对免疫特权的器官，其中良好设置的屏障系统（血脑屏障）防止血细胞进入大脑，常规免疫监视细胞除外。尽管有这种严密的安全性，免疫细胞还是成功地进入CNS组织，在那里它们导致神经炎症、组织损伤和细胞死亡的状态。已经检查了血脑屏障和浸润细胞的各种成分，以更好地了解血细胞如何能够突破这一安全屏障。蛋白酶，特别是基质金属蛋白酶（MMP），已被发现是大多数涉及神经炎症的疾病的常见罪魁祸首。由浸润细胞分泌的MMP特异性地作用于血脑屏障的各种组分上的靶标，损害该屏障并允许细胞浸润到CNS中。细胞外基质金属蛋白酶诱导物（EMMPRIN）是几种MMP的上游诱导物，并且被认为是疾病状态如癌症转移中MMP产生的主要调节剂。EMMPRIN在中枢神经系统中的作用研究相对较少。在这篇综述中，我们将介绍EMMPRIN，讨论其配体和作用，在非中枢神经系统的条件下，可以帮助牵连其参与中枢神经系统疾病，展示其在中枢神经系统内的表达在健康和疾病的条件下，阐明其配体和受体，并简要讨论了新兴的作用，它在各种疾病的中枢神经系统涉及炎症。(C)2010爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
The central nervous system (CNS) is a relatively immune-privileged organ, wherein a well-instated barrier system (the blood-brain barrier) prevents the entry of blood cells into the brain with the exception of regular immune surveillance cells. Despite this tight security immune cells are successful in entering the CNS tissue where they result in states of neuroinflammation, tissue damage and cell death. Various components of the blood-brain barrier and infiltrating cells have been examined to better understand how blood cells are able to breach this secure barrier. Proteases, specifically matrix metalloproteinases (MMP), have been found to be the common culprits in most diseases involving neuroinflammation. MMPs secreted by infiltrating cells act specifically upon targets on various components of the blood-brain barrier, compromising this barrier and allowing cell infiltration into the CNS. Extracellular matrix metalloproteinase inducer (EMMPRIN) is an upstream inducer of several MMPs and is suggested to be the master regulator of MMP production in disease states such as cancer metastasis. EMMPRIN in the context of the CNS is still relatively understudied. In this review we will introduce EMMPRIN, discuss its ligands and roles in non-CNS conditions that can help implicate its involvement in CNS disorders, showcase its expression within the CNS in healthy and disease conditions, elucidate its ligands and receptors, and briefly discuss the emerging roles it plays in various diseases of the CNS involving inflammation. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.