Acculturation of Host Individuals: Immigrants and Personal Networks
Acculturation of Host Individuals: Immigrants and Personal Networks
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DOI：
10.1007/s10464-008-9209-5
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发表时间：
2008-12-01
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Maya-Jariego, Isidro
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dominguez, Silvia;Maya-Jariego, Isidro
人们对移民所经历的变化进行了大量研究，但对东道国个人所经历的变化却知之甚少。本文重点讨论东道国个体在移民群体与主流文化社区之间的关系网络中所扮演的角色，以及东道国个体因与移民的持续接触而经历的变化。本研究应用网络方法来研究寄主个体的文化适应。进行了两项独立研究：对塞维利亚和加的斯（西班牙）的阿根廷人（n = 67）、厄瓜多尔人（n = 59）、意大利人（n = 37）和德国人（n = 37）居民的个人网络进行系统分析（研究1）；以及在美国波士顿对拉丁美洲移民的人类服务工作者进行的人种学研究（研究 2）。通过两种不同的策略，分析了美国和西班牙外国人个人网络中东道主个人的作用。结果表明，东道国个人的中心地位往往低于同胞，在移民的个人网络中总体上处于次要地位。在最近和暂时的移民中观察到平均中心性最低，而在西班牙居住时间较长的个人则最高。美国人类服务提供者的个人网络在种族构成和结构特征上各不相同，因此为移民塑造了不同类型的融合桥梁。
There has been a vast amount of research on the changes experienced by immigrants, but little is known about the changes experienced by host individuals. This article focuses on the role of host individuals in the networks of relations between immigrant populations and the communities from the dominant culture, as well as the changes experienced by host individuals because of their continuous contact with immigrants. This research applied a network approach to the study of the acculturation of host individuals. Two independent studies were carried out: a systematic analysis of the personal networks of Argentinean (n = 67), Ecuadorian (n = 59), Italian (n = 37) and German (n = 37) residents in Seville and Cadiz (Spain) (Study 1); and an ethnographic study with human service workers for Latin American immigrants in Boston (USA) (Study 2). With two different strategies, the role of host individuals in personal networks of foreigners in the United States and Spain was analyzed. The results show that host individuals tend to have less centrality than compatriots, showing an overall secondary role in the personal networks of immigrants. The lowest average centrality was observed in recent and temporal migrants, whereas the highest corresponded to the individuals with more time of residence in Spain. The personal networks of human service providers in the United States vary in ethnic composition and in their structural properties, and therefore shape different types of integrative bridges for immigrants.