Large-scale fluctuations and the critical behavior of dilute sodium chloride in water
Large-scale fluctuations and the critical behavior of dilute sodium chloride in water
复制标题
水中稀氯化钠的大范围波动和临界行为
DOI：
10.1021/j100399a007
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发表时间：
1986
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
K. Pitzer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Pitzer
结果表明，大规模的波动，这是实质性的纯水的临界点附近的热力学性质的影响，被迅速抑制通过添加非常少量的NaCl。纯水的经典状态方程（即，（去掉涨落效应）与NaCl在H/sub 2/O中的稀溶液在临界线上或附近的性质有满意的关系。在完全经典的基础上，这个相对简单的关系与非常特殊的T-x和P-x临界线形成对比，当水的真实的非经典性质被用于混合物的经典方程时，发现了这些临界线。有人建议，这一程序中的波动的影响被扣除和代表的组成范围内的经典性质可能是普遍有用的。参考文献15篇，图3幅，表1张。
It is shown that the effect on thermodynamic properties of large-scale fluctuations, which is substantial near the critical point for pure water, is rapidly suppressed by the addition of very small amounts of NaCl. A classical equation of state for pure water (i.e., with the fluctuation effect removed) is related satisfactorily to the properties of dilute solutions of NaCl in H/sub 2/O on or near the critical line. This relatively simple relationship on a fully classical basis contrasts with very peculiar T-x and P-x critical lines found when the real, nonclassical properties of water have been used in an otherwise classical equation for the mixture. It is suggested that this procedure in which the effect of fluctuations is subtracted and the classical properties represented over a range of composition may be generally useful. 15 references, 3 figures, 1 table.