Mechanisms for nicotine in the development and progression of gastrointestinal cancers.
Mechanisms for nicotine in the development and progression of gastrointestinal cancers.
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DOI：
10.3978/j.issn.2224-4778.2011.12.01
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发表时间：
2012-04
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Glaser SS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jensen K;Afroze S;Munshi MK;Guerrier M;Glaser SS
长期吸烟是多种癌症的主要危险因素，包括胃肠道（GI）癌症。从历史上看，尼古丁及其衍生物因其在成瘾中的作用而众所周知，并且最近被记录为在许多人类癌症中的致癌作用。尼古丁激活的细胞和分子途径模拟整个胃肠道癌症中的生理和环境致癌作用，增强癌症生长和/或诱导癌症自身形成。因此，重要的是要解开尼古丁在这些系统中诱导的致癌机制，并强调尼古丁作为环境危害的潜力。本文综述了尼古丁在胃肠道中的致癌机制。大量的细胞和动物证据要求增加尼古丁在癌症中作用的流行病学和病例对照评估。
Long-term smoking is major risk factor for a variety of cancers, including those of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Historically, nicotine and its derivatives are well known for their role in addiction, and have more recently been documented for their carcinogenic role in a number of human cancers. The cellular and molecular pathways activated by nicotine mimic physiological and environmental carcinogenesis in cancers throughout the GI tract potentiating cancer growth and/or inducing the formation of cancer on their own. Thus, it is important to unlock the carcinogenic mechanisms induced by nicotine in these systems, and underscore nicotine's potential as an environmental hazard. This review outlines the specific pathways demonstrated to mediate nicotine's carcinogenic mechanism in the GI tract. The abundance of cell and animal evidence calls for increased epidemiologic and case-control evaluation of nicotine's role in cancer.