DNA Methylation and Gene Regulation in Honeybees: From Genome-Wide Analyses to Obligatory Epialleles
DNA Methylation and Gene Regulation in Honeybees: From Genome-Wide Analyses to Obligatory Epialleles
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DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-43624-1_9
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
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影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Maleszka, Ryszard
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文献类型：
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作者：
Wedd, Laura;Maleszka, Ryszard
与高度甲基化的哺乳动物基因组相反，无脊椎动物基因组仅以“镶嵌”方式稀疏甲基化，其中大部分甲基化的CpG二核苷酸在基因体中发现。重要的是，这种基因体甲基化经常与活跃的转录相关，对蜜蜂的研究表明，基因体甲基化和选择性剪接之间有很强的联系。额外的工作还强调，强制性甲基化表观等位基因影响转录的变化，在特定的方式。在这里，我们讨论了目前在这一新兴领域的知识，并强调哺乳动物和无脊椎动物的DNA甲基化系统之间的相似性和差异。最后，我们认为，遗传变异，差异DNA甲基化，其他表观遗传修饰和转录组之间的关系必须进一步探讨，以充分了解DNA甲基化的作用，在基因组序列转化为表型。
In contrast to heavily methylated mammalian genomes, invertebrate genomes are only sparsely methylated in a 'mosaic' fashion with the majority of methylated CpG dinucleotides found across gene bodies. Importantly, this gene body methylation is frequently associated with active transcription, and studies in the honeybee have shown that there are strong links between gene body methylation and alternative splicing. Additional work also highlights that obligatory methylated epialleles influence transcriptional changes in a context-specific manner. Here we discuss the current knowledge in this emerging field and highlight both similarities and differences between DNA methylation systems in mammals and invertebrates. Finally, we argue that the relationship between genetic variation, differential DNA methylation, other epigenetic modifications and the transcriptome must be further explored to fully understand the role of DNA methylation in converting genomic sequences into phenotypes.