Role of work in matter exchange between finite quantum systems
Role of work in matter exchange between finite quantum systems
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功在有限量子系统之间物质交换中的作用
DOI：
10.1088/1367-2630/aa8110
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发表时间：
2017
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Y. K. Kim
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
E. Jeon;P. Talkner;Y. K. Kim
接近平衡时，不同温度和不同化学势下宏观系统之间的粒子和热量交换受正且对称的输运系数矩阵控制。我们研究了给定时间内两个小量子系统之间交换的热量和粒子的数量，并发现它们的特征在于传输矩阵，该矩阵既不需要对称也不需要正值。在更长的时间里，只要两个系统的大小不同，甚至可以在完全没有温度和化学势差的情况下观察到自发传输。所有这些与标准传输行为的偏差都可以归因于这样一个事实：系统在接触和分离最初具有不同温度和化学势的系统部分的过程中完成了工作。标准传输特性可在消失工作中恢复，并且在大型系统和足够长的接触时间的限制下也能恢复。通过一个例子说明了一般结果。
Close to equilibrium, the exchange of particles and heat between macroscopic systems at different temperatures and different chemical potentials is known to be governed by a matrix of transport coefficients which are positive and symmetric. We investigate the amounts of heat and particles that are exchanged between two small quantum systems within a given time, and find them characterized by a transport matrix which neither needs to be symmetric nor positive. At larger times even spontaneous transport can be observed in the total absence of temperature and chemical potential differences provided that the two systems are different in size. All these deviations from standard transport behavior can be attributed to the fact that work is done on the system in the processes contacting and separating those parts of the system that initially possess different temperatures and chemical potentials. The standard transport properties are recovered for vanishing work and also in the limit of large systems and sufficiently large contact times. The general results are illustrated by an example.
Onsager-Casimir 互易关系的近似性质
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1983
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
U. Geigenmüller;U. M. Titulaer;B. U. Felderhof
通讯作者：
B. U. Felderhof