SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR, SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES, MALE CIRCUMCISION AND RISK OF HIV-INFECTION AMONG WOMEN IN NAIROBI, KENYA
SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR, SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES, MALE CIRCUMCISION AND RISK OF HIV-INFECTION AMONG WOMEN IN NAIROBI, KENYA
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DOI：
10.1097/00002030-199401000-00014
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发表时间：
1994-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
MBUGUA, S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HUNTER, DJ;MAGGWA, BN;MBUGUA, S
目的：为了研究在内罗毕，肯尼亚妇女艾滋病毒感染的危险因素，因为流行病超越高危groups.Design：一个横断面病例对照研究妇女参加两个城郊计划生育诊所。风险因素的信息是通过访谈使用结构化问卷。结果：216名妇女（4.9%; 95%可信区间，4.3-5.5）为HIV-1阳性。虽然未婚妇女和有多个性伴侣的妇女感染艾滋病毒的风险显著增加，但大多数血清反应阳性的妇女已婚，并且在过去一年中只有一个性伴侣。有性传播疾病史或目前证据的妇女的风险显著增加;然而，这些暴露的流行率很低。丈夫或性伴侣未行割礼的妇女感染艾滋病毒的风险增加三倍，这种风险几乎存在于所有潜在混杂因素中。只有5.2%的妇女报告曾经使用过避孕套。结论：这些数据表明，在妇女谁不是在高危人群中，艾滋病毒感染的风险在很大程度上是由他们的男性伴侣的行为和包皮环切术的状态。迫切需要旨在改变男性性行为的干预措施。
Objective: To study risk factors for HIV infection among women in Nairobi, Kenya, as the epidemic moves beyond high-risk groups.Design: A cross-sectional case-control study among women attending two peri-urban family planning clinics.Methods: A total of 4404 women were enrolled after giving written informed consent. Information on risk factors was obtained by interview using a structured questionnaire. Blood was taken for HIV and syphilis testing, and genital specimens for gonorrhea and trichomoniasis screening.Results: Two hundred and sixteen women (4.9%; 95% confidence interval, 4.3-5.5) were HIV-1-positive. Although risk of HIV was significantly increased among unmarried women and among women with multiple sex partners, most seropositive women ware married and reported only a single sex partner in the last year. Women with a history or current evidence of sexually transmitted disease were at significantly increased risk; however, the prevalence of these exposures was low. Women whose husband or usual sex partner was uncircumcised had a threefold increase in risk of HIV, and this risk was present in almost all strata of potential confounding factors. Only 5.2% of women reported ever having used a condom.Conclusions: These data suggest that, among women who are not in high-risk groups, risk of HIV infection is largely determined by their male partner's behavior and circumcision status. Interventions designed to change male sexual behavior are urgently needed.