Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder are Associated with Exaggerated Neural Response to Surprising Errors.
Symptoms of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder are Associated with Exaggerated Neural Response to Surprising Errors.
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DOI：
10.1002/jts.22595
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发表时间：
2020-10
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Jonathon R. Howlett;J. Bomyea;K. Harlé;A. Simmons
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jonathon R. Howlett;J. Bomyea;K. Harlé;A. Simmons
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的特征是对以前无害的线索的夸大的突出性，并与突出性相关的大脑区域的过度活跃有关。最近，计算模型已被部署到操作的显着性更精确地关于焦虑驱动的学习，导致这样的学习改变焦虑相关的疾病的研究结果。在本研究中，20名退伍军人的样本完成了概率学习任务，在功能磁共振成像扫描。我们应用了一个计算模型来生成一个逐个试验的惊喜信号（即，无符号的预测误差或结果的预期概率与实际观察结果之间的差异），这使我们能够检查对意外事件的神经反应。我们没有观察到PTSD症状和任务中学习行为指数之间的关联。令人惊讶的错误与左楔前叶/顶下小叶和右顶下小叶的活动增加有关，这两个顶叶区域与显着性处理有关。此外，PTSD症状的严重程度与楔前叶/顶下小叶的激活呈正相关，r = 0.63，p = 0.004。总的来说，这种结果模式表明，PTSD症状与大脑中与显著性相关的区域对惊人错误的夸大反应特别相关。这种改变的神经活动模式可能代表了改善PTSD症状的干预目标。
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by exaggerated salience of previously innocuous cues and associated with hyperactivity of salience-related brain regions. Recently, computational models have been deployed to operationalize salience more precisely regarding surprise-driven learning, leading to findings that such learning is altered in anxiety-related disorders. In the present study, a sample of 20 combat veterans completed a probabilistic learning task during fMRI scanning. We applied a computational model to generate a trial-by-trial surprise signal (i.e., unsigned prediction error or difference between the expected probability of an outcome and the actual observed outcome), which allowed us to examine the neural response to surprising events. We did not observe an association between PTSD symptoms and behavioral indices of learning in the task. Surprising errors were associated with increased activity in the left precuneus/inferior parietal lobule and right inferior parietal lobule, two parietal regions that are linked to salience processing. Additionally, PTSD symptom severity was positively associated with precuneus/inferior parietal lobule activation to surprising errors, r = .63, p = .004. Taken together, this pattern of results suggests that PTSD symptoms are specifically associated with an exaggerated response to surprising errors in salience-related regions of the brain. This altered pattern of neural activity could represent a target for intervention to improve PTSD symptoms.