Isotopic evidence of breastfeeding and weaning practices in a hunter-gatherer population during the Late/Final Jomon period in eastern Japan.
Isotopic evidence of breastfeeding and weaning practices in a hunter-gatherer population during the Late/Final Jomon period in eastern Japan.
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日本东部绳文末期狩猎采集人群母乳喂养和断奶做法的同位素证据。
DOI：
10.1016/j.jas.2016.10.002
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
and M. Yoneda
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
10.Tsutaya;T.;A. Shimomi;S. Fujiwara;K. Katayama;and M. Yoneda
日本绳纹狩猎采集者普遍表现出新石器时代的特征，如密集使用陶器，磨石和许多植物食物来源。在这项研究中，母乳喂养和断奶的做法在绳文狩猎采集人口进行了调查，以评估两个假设之间的关系，利用陶器/植物性食物和早期断奶和儿童的饮食周围和断奶后的过程。研究了日本东部绳文晚期（约4000-2300年前）吉乡遗址出土的46具亚成人和47具成人骨骼的稳定碳和氮同位素比值。提出了一种新的分析方法，并计算了氮同位素比值的残差，以消除碳、氮同位素比值正相关的影响。残差的年龄变化表明，吉吾种群断奶结束时的年龄为3.5岁（95%可信区间为2.3-5.5岁），并不小于典型非工业化种群和其他骨骼型狩猎采集种群。此外，大多数婴儿可能是使用与成人相同的食物来源的组合断奶的。这些结果表明，陶瓷和植物食物本身的利用率并不是过去人类种群断奶结束时年龄的唯一决定因素，并且在断奶过程中和刚断奶后并不总是应用特殊的饮食。
Jomon hunter–gatherers in Japan commonly show Neolithic characteristics, such as intensive utilization of potteries, grinding stones, and many plant food sources. In this study, breastfeeding and weaning practices in a Jomon hunter–gatherer population are investigated to evaluate two hypotheses concerning the relations between utilization of potteries/plant foods and early weaning and children's diet around and after the weaning process. Stable carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios were investigated for 46 subadult and 47 adult human skeletons excavated from the Yoshigo site of the Late/Final Jomon period (approximately 4000–2300 years BP) in eastern Japan. A new analytical procedure was developed and residuals of nitrogen isotope ratios were calculated to cancel out the effect of positive correlation in the carbon and nitrogen isotope ratios. Age changes in the residuals showed that the age at the end of weaning in the Yoshigo population was 3.5 years (2.3–5.5 years in 95% credible interval), which is not younger than that in typical non-industrialized populations and the other skeletal hunter–gatherer populations. Furthermore, most infants were probably weaned using a combination of the same food sources as those eaten by adults. These results suggest that the utilization of pottery and plant foodper seis not a sole determinant of the age at the end of weaning in past human populations, and a special diet was not always applied during and just after the weaning process.