MULTIPLE STIGMA AND AIDS - ILLNESS STIGMA AND ATTITUDES TOWARD HOMOSEXUALS AND IV DRUG-USERS IN AIDS-RELATED STIGMATIZATION
MULTIPLE STIGMA AND AIDS - ILLNESS STIGMA AND ATTITUDES TOWARD HOMOSEXUALS AND IV DRUG-USERS IN AIDS-RELATED STIGMATIZATION
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DOI：
10.1002/casp.2450010210
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发表时间：
1991-06-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
CRANDALL, CS
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
CRANDALL, CS
与艾滋病有关的污名化可能来自社会和疾病两个方面。社会污名来自与艾滋病毒有关的疾病和与艾滋病毒感染有关的污名化的行为之间的联系，特别是同性恋和静脉吸毒。疾病污名来自疾病本身-疾病的严重性和传染性。为了比较社会和疾病耻辱，16个版本的“丹”393名大学生。四种传播艾滋病毒的途径（同性恋行为、静脉注射毒品、输血、医护人员接触受感染的血液制品）与四种不同的疾病（艾滋病、肝炎、截瘫和流感）交叉。当丹被描述为同性恋或静脉吸毒者时，与输血接受者或卫生保健工作者相比，他受到了高度的侮辱。此外，与截瘫和流感相比，丹因艾滋病和肝炎而受到强烈的指责。没有相互作用，表明这些污名是累加的，同性恋和静脉吸毒不是艾滋病污名的主要来源。在健康严重程度指数上，出现了主要效应（疾病状态和传播途径），以及显著的相互作用，表明受试者对HIV相关传播途径和其他疾病之间的潜在相互作用敏感。
AIDS‐related stigmatization may come from both social and illness sources. The social stigma comes from the association between HIV‐related illness and stigmatized bheaviour associated with HIV infection, notably homosexuality and IV drug use. The illness stigma comes from the disease itself ‐ the severity and contagiability of the illness. To compare social and illness stigma, 16 versions of ‘Dan’ were presented to 393 undergraduates. Four ways of transmitting HIV (homosexual behavior, IV drug use, blood transfusions, health care workers' contact with infected blood products) were crossed with four different diseases (AIDS, hepatitis, paraplegia and the flu). Dan was highly stigmatized when he was described as a homosexual or an IV drug user, as compared to a transfusion recipient or a health care worker. Also, Dan was strongly stigmatized for AIDS and hepatitis, as compared to paraplegia and the flu. There was no interaction, suggesting that these stigmas are additive, and that homosexuality and IV drug use are not the primary source of AIDS‐stigma. On the health severity index, main effects (for disease state and transmission pathway) emerged, as well as a significant interaction, suggesting that subjects were sensitive to the potential interactions among HIV‐related transmission pathways and other diseases.