Assessment of alcohol dehydrogenase synthesis and aerenchyma formation in the tolerance of Sium L. species (Apiaceae) to water-logging
Assessment of alcohol dehydrogenase synthesis and aerenchyma formation in the tolerance of Sium L. species (Apiaceae) to water-logging
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquabot.2017.07.001
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发表时间：
2017-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Brykov, Vasyl
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kordyum, Elizabeth;Kozeko, Liudmyla;Brykov, Vasyl
为了在氧气供应有限的条件下生存和繁殖，植物会形成由洪水引起的或固有的形态和生化特征。我们对广泛分布的气生水生 Sium Zatifolium 和陆生 S. sisaroideum （伞形科）的根皮层结构和乙醇脱氢酶 (ADH) 合成进行了比较研究，以响应土壤含水量的变化，以验证结构和代谢性状的可塑性可能确保这些物种在不同土壤湿度（从通气土壤到涝渍）下的生存和适应的假设。在自然和实验条件下生长的植物用于显微镜和酶测定。我们表明，土壤湿度决定了所研究物种的根皮层结构的变化和厌氧发酵的系统开启。陆生植物 S. sisaroideum 的浸水首先诱导 ADH 合成，然后诱导新的通气组织不定根的发育，这是 S. latifolium 气生水生植物所固有的。组织化学定位显示根尖具有高 ADH 活性。两个物种的不定根中的通气组织均由内皮层中的纵向气体空间和外皮层中的“蜂窝”型扩大的细胞间隙组成。因此，两种 Sium 物种都对洪水表现出复杂的厌氧生化和结构反应，促进根部的内部通气。 S. latifolium 和 S. sisaroideum 根系的高可塑性导致它们在自然界中广泛分布。
To survive and reproduce under the conditions of limited oxygen supply, plants develop morphological and biochemical features that are either constitutive or induced by flooding. We performed a comparative study of the root cortex structure and alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) synthesis in widespread aerial-aquatic Sium Zatifolium and terrestrial S. sisaroideum (Apiaceae) in response to changes in the soil water content to check the hypothesis that plasticity of structural and metabolic traits may ensure survival and adaptation of these species at variable soil moisture - from aerated soil to water-logging. Plant grown under natural and experimental conditions were used for microscopy and enzyme assays. We show that the soil moisture determined changes in the root cortex structure and systemic switching-on of anaerobic fermentation in the investigated species. Water-logging of the terrestrial species S. sisaroideum induced first ADH synthesis and then development of new aerenchymatous adventitious roots that are inherent for aerial-aquatic plants of S. latifolium. Histochemical localization showed high ADH activity in the root apices. The aerenchyma in adventitious roots of both species consisted of longitudinal gas spaces in the inner cortex and enlarged intercellular spaces of a "honeycomb" type in the outer cortex. Thus, both Sium species showed complex anaerobic biochemical and structural responses to flooding, promoting the internal aeration of roots. The high plasticity of the root systems in S. latifolium and S. sisaroideum have led to their widespread distribution in nature.