Diffusion Cooling of Electrons in Ionized Gases
Diffusion Cooling of Electrons in Ionized Gases
复制标题
DOI：
10.1103/physrev.93.1136
复制
发表时间：
1954-03
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. A. Biondi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. A. Biondi
“扩散冷却”一词用来描述电子群的平均能量因较快的电子扩散到容器壁而降低的情况。在本实验中，对余辉过程中电子的双极扩散损失的测量表明，由于双极扩散系数的降低，存在扩散冷却。在低压Ne和Ar余辉中，电子和气体原子之间的“热接触”很差；因此，快电子的扩散损失导致电子“温度”相对于气体温度有很大的降低。当加入少量氦时，热接触大大改善，因此电子与气体恢复热平衡。这些实验观察证实了对这一过程给出的定性理论的预测。
The term" diffusion cooling" is used to describe the situation in which the average energy of an electron swarm is reduced by the diffusion of the faster electrons to the container walls. In the present experiment, measurements of the ambipolar diffusion loss of electrons during the afterglow reveal the presence of diffusion cooling by the reduction in the ambipolar diffusion coefficient. In low-pressure neon and argon afterglows the" thermal contact" between electrons and gas atoms is poor; consequently the diffusion loss of the fast electrons causes a large reduction in electron" temperature" with respect to the gas temperature. When small amounts of helium are added, the thermal contact is greatly improved, and therefore the electrons are restored to thermal equilibrium with the gas. These experimental observations confirm the predictions of a qualitative theory given for the process.