CHEMOLITHOTROPHIC SULFUR-OXIDIZING BACTERIA FROM THE GALAPAGOS RIFT HYDROTHERMAL VENTS
CHEMOLITHOTROPHIC SULFUR-OXIDIZING BACTERIA FROM THE GALAPAGOS RIFT HYDROTHERMAL VENTS
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/aem.42.2.317-324.1981
复制
发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
JANNASCH, HW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
RUBY, EG;WIRSEN, CO;JANNASCH, HW
从加拉帕戈斯裂谷洋底扩张中心的几个深海热液喷口（2550米）收集的样品中富集和分离出三种不同生理类型的硫氧化细菌。专性化能无机营养型属硫微螺菌的12个菌株从通风水和覆盖在通风口附近表面的微生物垫中获得。从这些和其他来源2类型的专性异养硫氧化剂被反复分离，推测氧化硫代硫酸盐硫酸盐（产酸; 9株）或连多硫酸盐（碱生产; 74株）。前者是硫杆菌样的，表现出硫代硫酸盐刺激的增长和CO2掺入增加;后者是类似于以前遇到的假单胞菌样异养菌。在含硫化物的热液水中存在化能无机营养型硫氧化细菌，这支持了一种假设，即化学合成为喷口附近丰富的无脊椎动物种群提供了大量的主要食物来源。
Three distinct physiological types of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria were enriched and isolated from samples collected at several deep-sea hydrothermal vents (2550 m) of the Galapagos Rift ocean floor spreading center. Twelve strains of the obligately chemolithotrophic genus Thiomicrospira were obtained from venting water and from microbial mats covering surfaces in the immediate vicinity of the vents. From these and other sources 2 types of obligately heterotrophic sulfur oxidizers were repeatedly isolated that presumably oxidized thiosulfate either to sulfate (acid producing; 9 strains) or to polythionates (base producing; 74 strains). The former were thiobacilli-like, exhibiting a thiosulfate-stimulated increase in growth and CO2 incorporation; the latter were similar to previously encountered pseudomonad-like heterotrophs. The presence of chemolithotrophic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria in the sulfide-containing hydrothermal water supports the hypothesis that chemosynthesis provides a substantial primary food source for the rich populations of invertebrates found in the immediate vicinity of the vents.