Hydrologic and water quality impacts of biofuel feedstock production in the Ohio River Basin
Hydrologic and water quality impacts of biofuel feedstock production in the Ohio River Basin
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俄亥俄河流域生物燃料原料生产的水文和水质影响
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
May Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Y. Demissie;E. Yan;May Wu
这项研究涉及与土地利用和管理的潜在变化有关的不确定性，以及常规和纤维素原料生物燃料产量增加对水文和水质的相关影响。土壤水分评估工具(SWAT)被用来评估对俄亥俄河流域区域和田间尺度的蒸散量、土壤水分、径流、泥沙和养分负荷的影响。该模型结合了空间和时间上详细的水文、气候和农业实践数据，这些数据与模拟生物燃料原料生产、流域水文和水质有关。考虑了该地区未来的三种生物燃料生产情景，包括能源部10亿吨(BT2)研究的原料预测、玉米轮作改为连续玉米以及收获50%的玉米秸秆。根据流域历史基线和未来一切正常情况下的水文和水质的相对变化，对影响进行了评估。对水质的总体影响比对水文的影响高出一个数量级。对于所有三个未来情景，子流域的结果表明，年蒸散量总体增加高达6%，径流减少高达10%，土壤水分变化很小。在所考虑的所有生物燃料原料方案中，区域和田间水平的沉积物和磷负荷都大幅增加(高达40%-90%)，而在BT2研究方案下，一些地区的氮负荷增加了45%，当玉米连续种植而不是轮作时，氮负荷下降了10%，当收获50%的秸秆时，变化很小。实地分析表明，在水文和水质影响方面有很大的变异性，可以进一步用来确定原料生产的合适地点，而不会对水量和水质造成重大影响。
This study addresses the uncertainties related to potential changes in land use and management and associated impacts on hydrology and water quality resulting from increased production of biofuel from the conventional and cellulosic feedstock. The Soil Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was used to assess the impacts on regional and field scale evapotranspiration, soil moisture content, stream flow, sediment, and nutrient loadings in the Ohio River Basin. The model incorporates spatially and temporally detailed hydrologic, climate and agricultural practice data that are pertinent to simulate biofuel feedstock production, watershed hydrology and water quality. Three future biofuel production scenarios in the region were considered, including a feedstock projection from the DOE Billion‐Ton (BT2) Study, a change in corn rotations to continuous corn, and harvest of 50% corn stover. The impacts were evaluated on the basis of relative changes in hydrology and water quality from historical baseline and future business‐as‐usual conditions of the basin. The overall impact on water quality is an order of magnitude higher than the impact on hydrology. For all the three future scenarios, the sub‐basin results indicated an overall increase in annual evapotranspiration of up to 6%, a decrease in runoff up to 10% and minimal change in soil moisture. The sediment and phosphorous loading at both regional and field levels increased considerably (up to 40–90%) for all the biofuel feedstock scenario considered, while the nitrogen loading increased up to 45% in some regions under the BT2 Study scenario, decreased up to 10% when corn are grown continuously instead of in rotations, and changed minimally when 50% of the stover are harvested. Field level analyses revealed significant variability in hydrology and water quality impacts that can further be used to identify suitable locations for the feedstock productions without causing major impacts on water quantity and quality.